{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T20:57:23Z","timestamp":1792789043997,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":100,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789516800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Medical University of Bia\u0142ystok","award":["B.SUB.26.409."],"award-info":[{"award-number":["B.SUB.26.409."]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00y4ya841","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"award":["B.SUB.26.409."],"award-info":[{"award-number":["B.SUB.26.409."]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00y4ya841","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Antioxidants"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Titanium and its alloys remain the dominant materials in oral implantology, but degradation products released through corrosion, tribocorrosion, and wear are biologically active. This critical narrative review examines oxidized-lipid signaling and ferroptosis as candidate downstream mechanisms connecting titanium-associated redox dysregulation with peri-implant bone loss. A targeted literature search of PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus was updated through 2 August 2026 and integrated evidence from dental peri-implant studies, titanium-particle osteolysis models, and broader skeletal research. Titanium-derived particles can promote mitochondrial and non-mitochondrial reactive oxygen species, membrane phospholipid peroxidation, reactive aldehyde formation, and oxidized-phospholipid signaling. Experimental titanium-particle models demonstrate GPX4 repression and osteoblast ferroptosis, while skeletal studies indicate that ferroptotic dysfunction of osteoblasts and osteocytes can impair mineralization, increase the RANKL\/OPG ratio, and favor osteoclastogenesis. Human peri-implant fluid data provide emerging but non-diagnostic evidence, including altered GPX4 and malondialdehyde levels. Specialized pro-resolving mediators may counterbalance the destructive lipid-peroxidation branch. Current evidence supports a biologically plausible and experimentally testable pathway rather than established causation in human dental peri-implant tissues. Direct tissue-level confirmation using redox lipidomics, iron mapping, pathway-specific rescue experiments, and spatial osteoimmune profiling is required.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox15091174","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T10:09:17Z","timestamp":1789553357000},"page":"1174","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Oxidized-Lipid Signaling and Ferroptosis as Downstream Mechanisms of Titanium-Associated Peri-Implant Bone Loss"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6889-1012","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"\u0141ukasz","family":"Wo\u017aniak","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dental Surgery, Medical University of Bialystok, M. Sklodowskiej-Curie 24A, 15-276 Bialystok, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bo\u017cena","family":"Antonowicz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dental Surgery, Medical University of Bialystok, M. Sklodowskiej-Curie 24A, 15-276 Bialystok, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8363-9090","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"\u017baneta Anna","family":"Mierzejewska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Bialystok University of Technology, Wiejska 45C, 15-351 Bialystok, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5143-5184","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ewelina","family":"Kosicka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Information Technology and Robotics in Production, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Lublin University of Technology, Nadbystrzycka 36, 20-618 Lublin, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0845-0845","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"J\u00e9r\u00f4me R.","family":"Lechien","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, UMONS Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, University of Mons, Place du Parc 20, 7000 Mons, Belgium"},{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Foch Hospital, Paris Saclay University, 92150 Suresnes, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7789-145X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luigi Angelo","family":"Vaira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Maxillofacial Surgery Operative Unit, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jan","family":"Borys","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Maxillofacial and Plastic Surgery, Medical University of Bialystok, M. 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