{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,12]],"date-time":"2026-03-12T09:23:29Z","timestamp":1773307409827,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,13]],"date-time":"2019-03-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1552435200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"MINECO\/FEDER-DGICYT","award":["BFU2015\u201070616\u2010R"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BFU2015\u201070616\u2010R"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100014180","name":"Junta de Castilla y Leon","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["VA106G18"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["VA106G18"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100014180","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"CIBERES\u2010ISCIII","award":["CIBER CB06\/06\/0050"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CIBER CB06\/06\/0050"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Antioxidants"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Carotid body (CB) chemoreceptor cells sense arterial blood PO2, generating a neurosecretory response proportional to the intensity of hypoxia. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a physiological gaseous messenger that is proposed to act as an oxygen sensor in CBs, although this concept remains controversial. In the present study we have used the H2S scavenger and vitamin B12 analog hydroxycobalamin (Cbl) as a new tool to investigate the involvement of endogenous H2S in CB oxygen sensing. We observed that the slow-release sulfide donor GYY4137 elicited catecholamine release from isolated whole carotid bodies, and that Cbl prevented this response. Cbl also abolished the rise in [Ca2+]i evoked by 50 \u00b5M NaHS in enzymatically dispersed CB glomus cells. Moreover, Cbl markedly inhibited the catecholamine release and [Ca2+]i rise caused by hypoxia in isolated CBs and dispersed glomus cells, respectively, whereas it did not alter these responses when they were evoked by high [K+]e. The L-type Ca2+ channel blocker nifedipine slightly inhibited the rise in CB chemoreceptor cells [Ca2+]i elicited by sulfide, whilst causing a somewhat larger attenuation of the hypoxia-induced Ca2+ signal. We conclude that Cbl is a useful and specific tool for studying the function of H2S in cells. Based on its effects on the CB chemoreceptor cells we propose that endogenous H2S is an amplifier of the hypoxic transduction cascade which acts mainly by stimulating non-L-type Ca2+ channels.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox8030062","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,14]],"date-time":"2019-03-14T04:15:29Z","timestamp":1552536929000},"page":"62","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Hydroxycobalamin Reveals the Involvement of Hydrogen Sulfide in the Hypoxic Responses of Rat Carotid Body Chemoreceptor Cells"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Teresa","family":"Gallego-Martin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Bioqu\u00edmica y Biolog\u00eda Molecular y Fisiolog\u00eda. Facultad de Medicina. Universidad de Valladolid. Instituto de Biolog\u00eda y Gen\u00e9tica Molecular-CSIC, 47005 Valladolid, Spain"},{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES-ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5281-0211","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jesus","family":"Prieto-Lloret","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Bioqu\u00edmica y Biolog\u00eda Molecular y Fisiolog\u00eda. Facultad de Medicina. Universidad de Valladolid. Instituto de Biolog\u00eda y Gen\u00e9tica Molecular-CSIC, 47005 Valladolid, Spain"},{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES-ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1086-1202","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Philip I.","family":"Aaronson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Inflammation Biology, School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King\u2019s College, London SE1 1UL, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9043-0474","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Asuncion","family":"Rocher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Bioqu\u00edmica y Biolog\u00eda Molecular y Fisiolog\u00eda. Facultad de Medicina. Universidad de Valladolid. Instituto de Biolog\u00eda y Gen\u00e9tica Molecular-CSIC, 47005 Valladolid, Spain"},{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES-ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3197-1697","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana","family":"Obeso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Bioqu\u00edmica y Biolog\u00eda Molecular y Fisiolog\u00eda. Facultad de Medicina. Universidad de Valladolid. Instituto de Biolog\u00eda y Gen\u00e9tica Molecular-CSIC, 47005 Valladolid, Spain"},{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES-ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"247","article-title":"Initiation and control of chemoreceptor activity in the carotid body","volume":"Volume 2","author":"Fishman","year":"1986","journal-title":"Handbook of Physiology, Section 3, The Respiratory System, vol II, Control of Breathing"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"829","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.1994.74.4.829","article-title":"Carotid body chemoreceptors: From natural stimuli to sensory discharges","volume":"74","author":"Gonzalez","year":"1994","journal-title":"Physiol. 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