{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,18]],"date-time":"2026-06-18T21:10:31Z","timestamp":1781817031297,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,24]],"date-time":"2020-01-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1579824000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003758","name":"FAPEMA","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CADPROD-5197\/17."],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CADPROD-5197\/17."]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003758","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Antioxidants"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Bees are of great importance for plant diversity for being an important pollinating agents. Stingless bees such as Scaptotrigona affinis postica, is cultivated largely due to the products offered by it. Pollen is one of these products, which has been highlighted for exhibit various therapeutic properties. Considering the bioactivity of this natural product, this study investigated the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antinociceptive activities, and elucidated the chemical composition of pollen collected extract by Scaptotrigona affinis postica. Using in vitro assays, the antioxidant potential and inhibitory activity against the COX enzyme from pollen extract was evaluated. Additionally, tests were performed to measure the anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive activities in animal models. In our results, we found that pollen extract showed antioxidant effects and inhibitory activity against the COX enzyme. The in vivo assays showed that the extract acts on the nervous system in local and systemic levels and that the anti-inflammatory activity is due the prostanoids reducing. Chemical analyses recognize 10 molecules in the extract belonging to the polyphenol and flavonoids classes and the computational study suggests that is responsible for the observed results. Thus, it is reported for the first time the biological potential of S. aff. postica pollen extract and we conclude that this bee product can be considered as one source of potential new drugs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox9020103","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,24]],"date-time":"2020-01-24T11:01:00Z","timestamp":1579863660000},"page":"103","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":42,"title":["Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant Activity of Pollen Extract Collected by Scaptotrigona affinis postica: in silico, in vitro, and in vivo Studies"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5267-9500","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alberto Jorge Oliveira","family":"Lopes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Experimental Study of Pain Laboratory, Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Maranh\u00e3o, S\u00e3o Lu\u00eds 65080-805, Brazil"},{"name":"Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Department of Pharmacy, Federal University of Maranh\u00e3o, S\u00e3o Lu\u00eds 65080-805, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cleydlenne Costa","family":"Vasconcelos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Experimental Study of Pain Laboratory, Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Maranh\u00e3o, S\u00e3o Lu\u00eds 65080-805, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3597-6471","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jo\u00e3o Batista Santos","family":"Garcia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Experimental Study of Pain Laboratory, Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Maranh\u00e3o, S\u00e3o Lu\u00eds 65080-805, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Myssa Sued D\u00f3ria","family":"Pinheiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Department of Pharmacy, Federal University of Maranh\u00e3o, S\u00e3o Lu\u00eds 65080-805, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francisco Assis Nascimento","family":"Pereira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Department of Pharmacy, Federal University of Maranh\u00e3o, S\u00e3o Lu\u00eds 65080-805, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Darleno de Sousa","family":"Camelo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Experimental Study of Pain Laboratory, Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Maranh\u00e3o, S\u00e3o Lu\u00eds 65080-805, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sebasti\u00e3o Vieira de","family":"Morais","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Experimental Study of Pain Laboratory, Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Maranh\u00e3o, S\u00e3o Lu\u00eds 65080-805, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9 Roberto Brito","family":"Freitas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Campus IV, Federal University of Maranh\u00e3o, Chapadinha 65500-000, MA, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3578-1869","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cl\u00e1udia Quintino da","family":"Rocha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chemistry Department, Federal University of Maranh\u00e3o, S\u00e3o Lu\u00eds 65080-805, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Nilce de Sousa","family":"Ribeiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Department of Pharmacy, Federal University of Maranh\u00e3o, S\u00e3o Lu\u00eds 65080-805, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria do Socorro de Sousa","family":"Cart\u00e1genes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Experimental Study of Pain Laboratory, Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Maranh\u00e3o, S\u00e3o Lu\u00eds 65080-805, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1590\/S1676-06032010000400008","article-title":"As abelhas, os servi\u00e7os ecossist\u00eamicos e o C\u00f3digo Florestal Brasileiro","volume":"10","year":"2010","journal-title":"Biota Neotrop."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjp.2016.01.012","article-title":"Biological and therapeutic effects of honey produced by honey bees and stingless bees: A comparative review","volume":"26","author":"Rao","year":"2016","journal-title":"Rev. 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