{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,20]],"date-time":"2026-04-20T19:16:39Z","timestamp":1776712599133,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"23","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,25]],"date-time":"2020-11-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1606262400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006109","name":"Vedeck\u00e1 Grantov\u00e1 Agent\u00fara M\u0160VVa\u0160 SR a SAV","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["VEGA 1\/0429\/18"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["VEGA 1\/0429\/18"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006109","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Applied Sciences"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This paper investigates rubber composites subjected to impact loading. One of the objectives was to determine the effect of the support system on the impact force value. Another objective was to identify the correlations between the force characteristics of the impact process, i.e., between the impact force and the tensile force. The identified correlations between the impact process characteristics have been subjected to regression analyses, and their outputs were regression models describing the dynamic stress of rubber composites during the testing of their impact resistance. At dynamic loading, the key factor was the support system, which eliminates the force effects of the falling material that damages the rubber composite, in particular a conveyor belt, and may even lead to the loss if its functionality. In real operations, conveyor belts are stressed by the impact of the transported material onto the belt surface at sites where the conveyor is filled or at chutes, and this often results in belt damage. In many cases, such a belt is no longer usable, and significant financial loss is therefore incurred due to the need for replacement of the damaged belt and due to consequent downtimes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/app10238384","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,25]],"date-time":"2020-11-25T08:59:15Z","timestamp":1606294755000},"page":"8384","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Experimental Research of Rubber Composites Subjected to Impact Loading"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1509-5079","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"\u013dubom\u00edr","family":"Ambri\u0161ko","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Mining, Ecology, Process Control and Geotechnologies, Technical University of Ko\u0161ice, Letn\u00e1 9, 042 00 Ko\u0161ice, Slovakia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniela","family":"Marasov\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Mining, Ecology, Process Control and Geotechnologies, Technical University of Ko\u0161ice, Letn\u00e1 9, 042 00 Ko\u0161ice, Slovakia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"598","article-title":"Mechanical properties and chemical composition of rubber gaskets","volume":"99","author":"Ambrisko","year":"2020","journal-title":"Przem. Chem."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijsolstr.2019.02.001","article-title":"New developments in fracture of rubbers: Predictive tools and influence of thermal aging","volume":"165","author":"Abdelaziz","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Solids Struct."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"394","DOI":"10.1016\/j.polymertesting.2012.10.007","article-title":"Dynamic uniaxial extension of elastomers at constant true strain rate","volume":"32","author":"Petiteau","year":"2013","journal-title":"Polym. Test."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wear.2014.08.007","article-title":"Correlation of rubber based conveyor belt properties and abrasive wear rates under 2- and 3-body conditions","volume":"320","author":"Molnar","year":"2014","journal-title":"Wear"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Szrek, J., Wodecki, J., B\u0142a\u017cej, R., and Zimroz, R. (2020). An inspection robot for belt conveyor maintenance in underground mine\u2014Infrared thermography for overheated idlers detection. Appl. Sci., 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/app10144984"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"290","DOI":"10.1016\/j.powtec.2014.12.017","article-title":"Dynamic transition in conveyor belt driven granular flow","volume":"272","author":"Cordero","year":"2015","journal-title":"Powder Technol."},{"key":"ref_7","first-page":"28","article-title":"Quality assessment of the rubber-textile conveyor belts at the dynamic impact loading","volume":"20","year":"2019","journal-title":"Qual. Access Success"},{"key":"ref_8","unstructured":"R\u00f6themeyer, F., and Sommer, F. (2006). Kautschuktechnologie, Carl Hanser Verlag GmbH & Co. KG. [2nd ed.]."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Manas, D., Stanek, M., Manas, M., Ovsik, M., Pata, V., and Cerny, J. (2011, January 23\u201326). Visualization of tire tread behaviour at wear process. Proceedings of the 22nd International DAAAM Symposium, Vienna, Austria.","DOI":"10.2507\/22nd.daaam.proceedings.206"},{"key":"ref_10","unstructured":"Cerny, J., Kyas, K., Krumal, M., Martin, M., Manas, D., Manas, M., and Michal, M. (2010, January 20\u201323). Wear process of tires. Proceedings of the 21st International DAAAM Symposiu, Zadar, Croatia."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bajda, M., Blazej, R., and Jurdziak, L. (July, January 29). Partial replacements of conbeyor belt loop analysis with regard to its reliability. Proceedings of the 17th International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference Surveying Geology and Mining Ecology Management SGEM 2017, Albena, Bulgaria.","DOI":"10.5593\/sgem2017\/13\/S03.082"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bajda, M., Blazej, R., Jurdziak, L., and Kirjanow, A. (July, January 30). Condition monitoring of textile belts in the light of research results of their resistance to punctures investigations. Proceedings of the 16th International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference, SGEM 2016: Science and Technologies in Geology, Exploration and Mining: Conference Proceedings, Albena, Bulgaria.","DOI":"10.5593\/SGEM2016\/B12\/S03.022"},{"key":"ref_13","first-page":"1","article-title":"Trends in conveyor belt research","volume":"2","year":"2002","journal-title":"Transp. Logist. Int. J."},{"key":"ref_14","first-page":"565","article-title":"Material and component testing of conveyor belts and its numerical analyses","volume":"Volume 2014","author":"Bocko","year":"2013","journal-title":"Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering, Modern methods of Construction Design: Proceedings of ICMD"},{"key":"ref_15","first-page":"59","article-title":"Classification of impact damage on a rubber-textile conveyor belt using Na\u00efve-Bayes methodology","volume":"414\u2013415","year":"2018","journal-title":"Wear"},{"key":"ref_16","first-page":"47","article-title":"Analysis of the selected factors on the conveyor belt quality using the design of experiment","volume":"20","year":"2019","journal-title":"Qual. Access Success"},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1016\/j.triboint.2018.01.037","article-title":"Adhesion, friction and viscoelastic properties for non-aged and aged Styrene Butadiene rubber","volume":"121","author":"Rodriguez","year":"2018","journal-title":"Tribol. Int."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ambri\u0161ko, \u013d., and Marasov\u00e1, D. (July, January 30). Investigation of the ageing influence on the hardness of essential belt component. Proceedings of the SGEM 2018 Conference, 1.3. Science and Technologies in Geology: Exploration and Mining: International Multidisciplinary Scientific Geoconference, Albena, Bulgaria.","DOI":"10.5593\/sgem2018\/1.3\/S03.068"},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1016\/S0141-3910(98)00185-2","article-title":"The influence of cure and carbon black on the high temperature oxidation of natural rubber, I. Correlation of physico-chemical changes","volume":"64","author":"Edgea","year":"1999","journal-title":"Polym. Degrad. Stab."},{"key":"ref_20","first-page":"182","article-title":"Polymer degradation","volume":"3","author":"Turnbull","year":"1995","journal-title":"Mater. World"},{"key":"ref_21","unstructured":"Ambrisko, L., Saderova, J., and Marasova, D. (July, January 28). Determination of mechanical properties of rubber intended for use at high temperatures. Proceedings of the International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference Surveying Geology and Mining Ecology Management, SGEM19(1.3), Albena, Bulgaria."},{"key":"ref_22","unstructured":"Marasov\u00e1, D., Taraba, V., Gruji\u010d, M., Fedorko, G., Bindz\u00e1r, P., and Hus\u00e1kov\u00e1, N. (2006). Belt Transport, FBERG TU. [1st ed.]. (In Slovak)."},{"key":"ref_23","unstructured":"(2020, July 01). Sava TRADE. Available online: http:\/\/savatrade.cz\/dopravni-pasy\/katalog-dopravnich-pasu."},{"key":"ref_24","unstructured":"Taraba, V., Marasov\u00e1, D., Miku\u0161ov\u00e1, N., and Burget, M. (2017). Belt Transport: Basics of Production, Connection and Use of Conveyor Belts, FBERG TU. [1st ed.]. (In Slovak)."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Saderova, J. (2018, January 2\u20138). Laboratory research of a conveyor belts with a textile carcass for mine conveying. Proceedings of the International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference Surveying Geology and Mining Ecology SGEM 2018, Albena, Bulgaria.","DOI":"10.5593\/sgem2018\/1.3\/S03.069"},{"key":"ref_26","unstructured":"Benjamin, C., Donecker, P., Huque, S., and Rozentals, J. (2010). The Transfer Chute Design Manual for Conveyor Belt Systems, Conveyor Transfer Design Pty Ltd.. [1st ed.]."},{"key":"ref_27","unstructured":"Marasov\u00e1, D. (2001). Mathematical Modeling of Puncture Resistance of Conveyor Belts, AD Servis. [1st ed.]. (In Slovak)."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1126","DOI":"10.12693\/APhysPolA.131.1126","article-title":"Non-stationary noise analysis of magnetic sensors using Allan Variance","volume":"131","author":"Moucha","year":"2017","journal-title":"Acta Phys. Pol. A"},{"key":"ref_29","first-page":"579","article-title":"Assessment methods of conveyor belts impact resistance to the dynamic action of a concentrated load","volume":"16","author":"Komander","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eksploat. Niezawodn."},{"key":"ref_30","unstructured":"Veles, P. (1989). Mechanical Properties and Testing of Metals, Alfa. [2nd ed.]. (In Slovak)."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1016\/j.engfailanal.2013.09.017","article-title":"Failure analysis of belt conveyor damage caused by the falling material. Part I: Experimental measurements and regression models","volume":"36","author":"Fedorko","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eng. Fail. Anal."}],"container-title":["Applied Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2076-3417\/10\/23\/8384\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T10:37:15Z","timestamp":1760179035000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2076-3417\/10\/23\/8384"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,25]]},"references-count":31,"journal-issue":{"issue":"23","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]}},"alternative-id":["app10238384"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/app10238384","relation":{},"ISSN":["2076-3417"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2076-3417","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,25]]}}}