{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T16:15:17Z","timestamp":1790266517281,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":84,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,23]],"date-time":"2023-02-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1677110400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004166","name":"Medical University of Warsaw","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["POWR.03.05.00-00-Z040\/18-00"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["POWR.03.05.00-00-Z040\/18-00"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Advances in Respiratory Medicine"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Heart failure (HF) is a multidisciplinary disease affecting almost 1\u20132% of the adult population worldwide. Symptoms most frequently reported by patients suffering from HF include dyspnoea, cough or exercise intolerance, which is equally often observed in many pulmonary diseases. The spectrum of lung changes related to HF is wide. The knowledge of different types of these abnormalities is essential to distinguish patients with HF from patients with lung diseases or both disorders and thus avoid unnecessary diagnostics or therapies. In this review, we aimed to summarise recent research concerning the spectrum of lung abnormalities related to HF in three frequently used lung imaging techniques: chest X-ray (CXR), lung ultrasound (LUS) and chest computed tomography (CT). We discussed the most prevalent abnormalities in the above-mentioned investigations in the context of consecutive pathophysiological stages identified in HF: (i) redistribution, (ii) interstitial oedema, and (iii) alveolar oedema. Finally, we compared the utility of these imaging tools in the clinical setting. In conclusion, we consider LUS the most useful and promising imaging technique due to its high sensitivity, repeatability and accessibility. However, the value of CXR and chest CT is their potential for establishing a differential diagnosis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/arm91020010","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,24]],"date-time":"2023-02-24T03:37:20Z","timestamp":1677209840000},"page":"103-122","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Diagnosing Lung Abnormalities Related to Heart Failure in Chest Radiogram, Lung Ultrasound and Thoracic Computed Tomography"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"91","author":[{"given":"Dominika","family":"Siwik","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Pulmonary Diseases and Allergy, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wojciech","family":"Apanasiewicz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Students\u2019 Research Group \u2018Alveolus\u2019, Department of Internal Medicine, Pulmonary Diseases and Allergy, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ma\u0142gorzata","family":"\u017bukowska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2nd Department of Clinical Radiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1A, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Grzegorz","family":"Jaczewski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Pulmonary Diseases and Allergy, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1872-7737","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marta","family":"D\u0105browska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Pulmonary Diseases and Allergy, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1342","DOI":"10.1002\/ejhf.1858","article-title":"Epidemiology of Heart Failure","volume":"22","author":"Groenewegen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur. 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