{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T12:13:54Z","timestamp":1790079234743,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789603200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Adv. Respir. Med.","ARM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Electromagnetic navigation bronchoscopy (ENB) is used for minimally invasive assessment of peripheral pulmonary nodules, but data on lesions \u226410 mm are limited. When ENB is performed for suspected lung cancer, the key clinical question is whether malignancy is detected rather than whether any diagnosis is obtained. For this reason, sensitivity for malignancy was selected over diagnostic yield as the primary outcome. We retrospectively analyzed 541 consecutive ENB procedures performed at Sk\u00e5ne University Hospital during 2018\u20132019 and followed patients for at least two years to determine final diagnosis. Overall, 323 lesions (59.7%) were malignant and median lesion diameter was 13 mm. Sensitivity for malignancy was 44.0% overall but was markedly lower in lesions \u226410 mm than in larger lesions (23.3% vs. 50.0%, p &lt; 0.001). Larger lesion size and the presence of a bronchus sign were independently associated with higher sensitivity, whereas lower lobe location was associated with reduced sensitivity. In very small nodules, the low probability of obtaining a malignant diagnosis with ENB should be considered when selecting patients and weighing ENB against surveillance, surgery, or alternative diagnostic approaches.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/arm94050067","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T10:21:48Z","timestamp":1790072508000},"page":"67","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Sensitivity for Malignancy with Navigation Bronchoscopy in Small Lung Nodules"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"94","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-0255-5349","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anders","family":"N\u00e4slund","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Division of Respiratory Medicine, Allergology, and Palliative Medicine, Lund University, SE-221 85 Lund, Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Sk\u00e5ne University Hospital, SE-221 85 Lund, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"conceptualization","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"methodology","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"investigation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"data-curation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"formal-analysis","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-original-draft","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-review-editing","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"given":"Melker","family":"Ottosson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Division of Respiratory Medicine, Allergology, and Palliative Medicine, Lund University, SE-221 85 Lund, Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Sk\u00e5ne University Hospital, SE-221 85 Lund, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"investigation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-review-editing","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8104-0212","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marija","family":"Karadzovska-Kotevska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Sk\u00e5ne University Hospital, SE-221 85 Lund, Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Division of Oncology, Lund University, SE-221 85 Lund, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"conceptualization","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-review-editing","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7605-0608","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Karl","family":"Teurneau-Hermansson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Sk\u00e5ne University Hospital, SE-221 85 Lund, Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Lund University, SE-221 85 Lund, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"writing-review-editing","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"given":"Jaroslaw","family":"Kosieradzki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Sk\u00e5ne University Hospital, SE-221 85 Lund, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"conceptualization","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-review-editing","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"given":"Stefan","family":"Barath","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Sk\u00e5ne University Hospital, SE-221 85 Lund, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"conceptualization","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-review-editing","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7748-286X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hamid","family":"Akbarshahi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Division of Respiratory Medicine, Allergology, and Palliative Medicine, Lund University, SE-221 85 Lund, Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Sk\u00e5ne University Hospital, SE-221 85 Lund, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"conceptualization","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"investigation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-review-editing","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"data-curation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"supervision","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"formal-analysis","vocabulary":"credit"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"The National Lung Screening Trial Research Team (2011). 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