{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,18]],"date-time":"2026-05-18T22:36:38Z","timestamp":1779143798898,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,15]],"date-time":"2021-06-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1623715200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004569","name":"Ministry of Science and Higher Education","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["8\/E-523\/SPUB-I\/SN\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["8\/E-523\/SPUB-I\/SN\/2020"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004569","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Audiology Research"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Undiagnosed hearing deficits hamper a child\u2019s ability to learn. Hearing screening in school aged children helps detect educationally significant hearing loss and prevents negative impacts on academic achievement. The main purpose of this study was to improve early detection and assess the incidence of hearing disorders in first-graders from rural areas and small towns in the Ma\u0142opolskie Voivodeship of Poland. There were 5029 children aged 6\u20137 years. Hearing thresholds were measured over the frequency range 0.5\u20138 kHz. A result was considered positive (abnormal) if the hearing threshold was worse than 20 dB HL at one or more frequencies. The prevalence of hearing loss was estimated in terms of four-frequency hearing loss, high-frequency hearing loss, and low-frequency hearing loss. Parents filled in a brief audiological questionnaire. The analysis was performed using IBM SPSS Statistics, version 24. Of all the children, 20.5% returned a positive result and were referred for further audiological diagnoses. The estimated prevalence of hearing loss was 11.6%, made up of 6.5% with FFHL, 7.6% with HFHL, and 8.2% with LFHL. This study showed that large numbers of children in the district had hearing problems. Adoption of hearing screening in primary schools is recommended as a routine procedure within preventive pediatric health care.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/audiolres11020025","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,15]],"date-time":"2021-06-15T11:00:33Z","timestamp":1623754833000},"page":"275-283","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Hearing Screening among First-Grade Children in Rural Areas and Small Towns in Ma\u0142opolskie Voivodeship, Poland"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6005-8621","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Weronika","family":"Swierniak","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Teleaudiology and Screening, World Hearing Center, Institute of Physiology and Pathology of Hearing, 10 Mochnackiego Street, 02-042 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4978-1915","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Piotr","family":"Skarzynski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Teleaudiology and Screening, World Hearing Center, Institute of Physiology and Pathology of Hearing, 10 Mochnackiego Street, 02-042 Warsaw, Poland"},{"name":"Heart Failure and Cardiac Rehabilitation Department, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, 8 Kondratowicza Street, 03-242 Warsaw, Poland"},{"name":"Institute of Sensory Organs, 1 Mokra Street, 05-830 Nadarzyn\/Kajetany, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elzbieta","family":"Gos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Teleaudiology and Screening, World Hearing Center, Institute of Physiology and Pathology of Hearing, 10 Mochnackiego Street, 02-042 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1203-6679","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Natalia","family":"Czajka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Teleaudiology and Screening, World Hearing Center, Institute of Physiology and Pathology of Hearing, 10 Mochnackiego Street, 02-042 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Monika","family":"Matusiak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngosurgery, World Hearing Center, Institute of Physiology and Pathology of Hearing, 10 Mochnackiego Street, 02-042 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Patryk","family":"Hartwich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Otolaryngology Clinical Department, Collegium Medicum, The Jagiellonian University, 2 Jakubowskiego Street, 30-688 Cracow, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3340-1698","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Magdalena","family":"Skarzynska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Sensory Organs, 1 Mokra Street, 05-830 Nadarzyn\/Kajetany, Poland"},{"name":"Centre of Hearing and Speech Medincus, 05-830 Kajetany, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1545","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(16)31678-6","article-title":"Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 310 diseases and injuries, 1990\u20132015: A Systematic analysis for the global burden of disease study 2015","volume":"388","author":"Vos","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lancet Lond. 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