{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,6]],"date-time":"2026-06-06T04:32:06Z","timestamp":1780720326964,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,7]],"date-time":"2022-09-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1662508800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Audiology Research"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: The Carina system (Cochlear Ltd., Sydney, Australia) is a totally implantable device providing acoustic amplification in adult patients with moderate-to-severe sensorineural or mixed hearing loss. One of the main concerns about such a totally implantable device has been represented by the subcutaneous battery lifespan. The aim of this article is to report the analysis of battery performances in a series of Carina-implanted patients after a long follow up. Methods: In this retrospective study, the technical data of a series of patients implanted with the Carina middle ear implant in our clinic have been analysed, extracting the data from the log of telemetric measures. Results: The mean lifespan cutback was 0.43 h\/years (from 0 to 0.71 h\/year), with a strong negative significant correlation between the follow-up period and the percentage of battery residual lifespan. Conclusion: The lifespan of the Carina\u2019s battery seems consistent with the manufacturer statement of a pluri-decennial lifespan, avoiding the need of an early surgical substitution and providing a full day of use of the system even after up to 12 years from the implantation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/audiolres12050049","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,7]],"date-time":"2022-09-07T20:52:03Z","timestamp":1662583923000},"page":"485-492","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Battery Lifespan of an Implantable Middle Ear Device"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6900-1306","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luca","family":"Bruschini","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Otolaryngology, Audiology and Phoniatrics Unit, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Surgical, Medical and Molecular Pathology and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesca","family":"Forli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Otolaryngology, Audiology and Phoniatrics Unit, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Surgical, Medical and Molecular Pathology and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9832-4799","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giacomo","family":"Fiacchini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Otolaryngology, Audiology and Phoniatrics Unit, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Surgical, Medical and Molecular Pathology and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rachele","family":"Canelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Otolaryngology, Audiology and Phoniatrics Unit, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Surgical, Medical and Molecular Pathology and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefano","family":"Berrettini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Otolaryngology, Audiology and Phoniatrics Unit, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Surgical, Medical and Molecular Pathology and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy"},{"name":"Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institute, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7142-4570","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francesco","family":"Lazzerini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Otolaryngology, Audiology and Phoniatrics Unit, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S8","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022215113001151","article-title":"Efficacy of the Active Middle-Ear Implant in Patients with Sensorineural Hearing Loss","volume":"127","author":"Butler","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. 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