{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,10]],"date-time":"2026-03-10T03:53:50Z","timestamp":1773114830287,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,23]],"date-time":"2023-05-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1684800000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders (NIDCD) of the National Institute of Health (NIH)","award":["R21DC017214"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R21DC017214"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Audiology Research"],"abstract":"<jats:p>There is currently increasing awareness of third-party disability, defined as the disability and functioning of a significant other (SO) due to a health condition of one of their family members. The effects of third-party disability on the SOs of individuals with tinnitus has received little attention. To address this knowledge gap, this study investigated third-party disability in the significant others (SOs) of individuals with tinnitus. A cross-sectional survey design included 194 pairs of individuals from the USA with tinnitus and their significant others. The SO sample completed the Consequences of Tinnitus on Significant Others Questionnaire (CTSOQ). Individuals with tinnitus completed standardized self-reported outcome measures for tinnitus severity, anxiety, depression, insomnia, hearing-related quality of life, tinnitus cognitions, hearing disability, and hyperacusis. The CTSOQ showed that 34 (18%) of the SOs were mildly impacted, 59 (30%) were significantly impacted, and 101 (52%) were severely impact. The clinical variables of tinnitus severity, anxiety, and hyperacusis in individuals with tinnitus were the best predictors of the impact of tinnitus on SOs. These results show that the SOs of individuals with tinnitus may experience third-party disability. The effect of the individual\u2019s tinnitus on their SO may be greater when the individual with tinnitus has a higher level of tinnitus severity, anxiety, and hyperacusis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/audiolres13030033","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,23]],"date-time":"2023-05-23T08:14:28Z","timestamp":1684829668000},"page":"378-388","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Third-Party Disability for Significant Others of Individuals with Tinnitus: A Cross-Sectional Survey Design"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9434-9160","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eldr\u00e9 W.","family":"Beukes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Vision and Hearing Sciences Research Centre, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge CB1 1PT, UK"},{"name":"Virtual Hearing Lab, Collaborative Initiative between University of Colorado School of Medicine and University of Pretoria, Aurora, CO 80045, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gerhard","family":"Andersson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Behavioral Sciences and Learning, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Link\u00f6ping University, 58183 Link\u00f6ping, Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1254-8407","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vinaya","family":"Manchaiah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Virtual Hearing Lab, Collaborative Initiative between University of Colorado School of Medicine and University of Pretoria, Aurora, CO 80045, USA"},{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2014Head and Neck Surgery, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA"},{"name":"UC Health Hearing and Balance, University of Colorado Hospital, Aurora, CO 80045, USA"},{"name":"Department of Speech-Language Pathology and Audiology, University of Pretoria, Gauteng 0002, South Africa"},{"name":"Department of Speech and Hearing, Manipal College of Health Professions, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1016\/bs.pbr.2020.10.001","article-title":"Subjective hearing ability, physical and mental comorbidities in individuals with bothersome tinnitus in a Swedish population sample","volume":"260","author":"Basso","year":"2021","journal-title":"Prog. 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