{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T16:18:27Z","timestamp":1790698707243,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,6]],"date-time":"2025-08-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754438400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Audiology Research"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/Objectives: Artificial Intelligence (AI) is increasingly being applied in otolaryngology, including cochlear implants (CIs). This study evaluates the accuracy and completeness of ChatGPT-4 and Microsoft Copilot in determining the appropriate implantation side based on audiological and radiological data, as well as the presence of tinnitus. Methods: Data from 22 CI patients (11 males, 11 females; 12 right-sided, 10 left-sided implants) were used to query both AI models. Each patient\u2019s audiometric thresholds, hearing aid benefit, tinnitus presence, and radiological findings were provided. The AI-generated responses were compared to the clinician-chosen sides. Accuracy and completeness were scored by two independent reviewers. Results: ChatGPT had a 50% concordance rate for right-side implantation and a 70% concordance rate for left-side implantation, while Microsoft Copilot achieved 75% and 90%, respectively. Chi-square tests showed significant associations between AI-suggested and clinician-chosen sides for both AI (p &lt; 0.05). ChatGPT outperformed Microsoft Copilot in identifying radiological alterations (60% vs. 40%) and tinnitus presence (77.8% vs. 66.7%). Cronbach\u2019s alpha was &gt;0.70 only for ChatGPT accuracy, indicating better agreement between reviewers. Conclusions: Both AI models showed significant alignment with clinician decisions. Microsoft Copilot was more accurate in implantation side selection, while ChatGPT better recognized radiological alterations and tinnitus. These results highlight AI\u2019s potential as a clinical decision support tool in CI candidacy, although further research is needed to refine its application in complex cases.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/audiolres15040100","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,6]],"date-time":"2025-08-06T13:25:11Z","timestamp":1754486711000},"page":"100","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["ChatGPT and Microsoft Copilot for Cochlear Implant Side Selection: A Preliminary Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2134-8535","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniele","family":"Portelli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Otorhinolaryngology, Department of Adult and Development Age Human Pathology \u201cGaetano Barresi\u201d, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, ME, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-1527-2046","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sabrina","family":"Loteta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Otorhinolaryngology, Department of Adult and Development Age Human Pathology \u201cGaetano Barresi\u201d, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, ME, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mariangela","family":"D\u2019Angelo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Otorhinolaryngology, Department of Adult and Development Age Human Pathology \u201cGaetano Barresi\u201d, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, ME, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7226-4596","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cosimo","family":"Galletti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, Kore University of Enna, Piazza dell\u2019Universit\u00e0, 94100 Enna, EN, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leonard","family":"Freni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Otorhinolaryngology, Department of Adult and Development Age Human Pathology \u201cGaetano Barresi\u201d, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, ME, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rocco","family":"Bruno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Otorhinolaryngology, Department of Adult and Development Age Human Pathology \u201cGaetano Barresi\u201d, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, ME, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5115-6027","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francesco","family":"Ciodaro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Otorhinolaryngology, Department of Adult and Development Age Human Pathology \u201cGaetano Barresi\u201d, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, ME, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6695-151X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Angela","family":"Alibrandi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Statistical and Mathematical Sciences, Department of Economics, University of Messina, 98122 Messina, ME, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-3947-8116","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Alberti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Otorhinolaryngology, Department of Adult and Development Age Human Pathology \u201cGaetano Barresi\u201d, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, ME, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1179\/1467010013Z.000000000123","article-title":"Expanded Selection Criteria in Adult Cochlear Implantation","volume":"14","author":"Arnoldner","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cochlear Implant. 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