{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,9]],"date-time":"2026-03-09T21:37:14Z","timestamp":1773092234903,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,9]],"date-time":"2026-03-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773014400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Audiology Research"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Tinnitus, the perception of sound in the absence of an external source, is a prevalent condition that can substantially affect physical and mental health. Although tinnitus is not typically curable, it is often manageable with structured, multidisciplinary care. This pilot research describes the Sensation\u2013Emotion\u2013Cognition (SEC) model, a practical audiological framework developed by Danesh et al. that targets three core dimensions of the tinnitus experience. Methods: We integrate findings from an exploratory retrospective cohort and a prospective expansion study. The SEC protocol included sound therapy, counseling and relaxation training, and cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) delivered through either unguided, module-based internet CBT, clinician-guided module-based internet CBT, or six therapist-led CBT sessions. The objective was to evaluate whether this multifactorial approach is associated with reductions in tinnitus-related distress. Results: In this prospective study, preliminary results from 16 participants who completed the study were associated with significant pre\u2013post changes in tinnitus-related outcomes: 4C management confidence increased from M = 30.38 to 60.19 (p &lt; 0.001; Cohen\u2019s dz = 1.04), and SAD-T emotional distress decreased from M = 4.75 to 2.38 (p = 0.001; Cohen\u2019s dz = 0.99). Conclusions: These findings suggest the potential value of an integrated management strategy; however, given the single-group pre\u2013post design and attrition, the results should be interpreted as exploratory and warrant confirmation in larger controlled trials.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/audiolres16020043","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,9]],"date-time":"2026-03-09T11:06:52Z","timestamp":1773054412000},"page":"43","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Integrating the Sensation\u2013Emotion\u2013Cognition (SEC) Model into Tinnitus Care: A Preliminary Exploratory Study of a Comprehensive Tinnitus Management Protocol"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Mar\u00eda del Carmen","family":"Mole\u00f3n Gonz\u00e1lez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Hospital Universitario Cl\u00ednico San Cecilio, 18012 Granada, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Farzon","family":"Danesh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Labyrinth Audiology, Boca Raton, FL 33486, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ali A.","family":"Danesh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Labyrinth Audiology, Boca Raton, FL 33486, USA"},{"name":"Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL 33431, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109046","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heares.2024.109046","article-title":"Tinnitus mechanisms and the need for an objective electrophysiological tinnitus test","volume":"449","author":"Oliver","year":"2024","journal-title":"Hear. 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