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At present, topical administration is the most common treatment modality for DED. Due to the existence of multiple biological barriers, instilled drugs generally exhibit short action times and poor penetration on the ocular surface. To resolve these issues, several advanced drug delivery systems have been proposed. This review discusses new dosage forms of drugs for the treatment of DED in terms of their characteristics and advantages. Innovative formulations that are currently available in the market and under clinical investigation are elaborated. Meanwhile, their deficiencies are discussed. It is envisioned that the flourishing of advanced drug delivery systems will lead to improved management of DED in the near future.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/bioengineering10010053","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,2]],"date-time":"2023-01-02T03:50:32Z","timestamp":1672631432000},"page":"53","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Engineering Advanced Drug Delivery Systems for Dry Eye: A Review"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Tian-Zuo","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Vision Science, School of Ophthalmology & Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China"},{"name":"National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Wenzhou 325027, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xin-Xin","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Vision Science, School of Ophthalmology & Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China"},{"name":"National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Wenzhou 325027, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Si-Yu","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Vision Science, School of Ophthalmology & Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China"},{"name":"National Engineering Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, School of Biomedical Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Vision Science, School of Ophthalmology & Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China"},{"name":"National Engineering Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, School of Biomedical Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xin-Yang","family":"Pan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Vision Science, School of Ophthalmology & Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China"},{"name":"National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Wenzhou 325027, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7999-2556","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jing-Jie","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Vision Science, School of Ophthalmology & Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China"},{"name":"National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Wenzhou 325027, China"},{"name":"National Engineering Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, School of Biomedical Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kai-Hui","family":"Nan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Vision Science, School of Ophthalmology & Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China"},{"name":"National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Wenzhou 325027, China"},{"name":"National Engineering Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, School of Biomedical Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"478","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2021.19963","article-title":"Dry Eye Disease: An Update in 2022","volume":"327","author":"Hakim","year":"2022","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"ref_2","first-page":"71","article-title":"The pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment of dry eye disease","volume":"112","author":"Messmer","year":"2015","journal-title":"Dtsch. 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