{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,6]],"date-time":"2026-04-06T15:08:53Z","timestamp":1775488133610,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":132,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,10]],"date-time":"2023-02-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1675987200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Bioengineering"],"abstract":"<jats:p>As the number of arteriosclerotic diseases continues to increase, much improvement is still needed with treatments for cardiovascular diseases. This is mainly due to the limitations of currently existing treatment options, including the limited number of donor organs available or the long-term durability of the artificial organs. Therefore, tissue engineering has attracted significant attention as a tissue regeneration therapy in this area. Porous scaffolds are one of the effective methods for tissue engineering. However, it could be better, and its effectiveness varies depending on the tissue application. This paper will address the challenges presented by various materials and their combinations. We will also describe some of the latest methods for tissue engineering.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/bioengineering10020236","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,10]],"date-time":"2023-02-10T06:43:23Z","timestamp":1676011403000},"page":"236","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["The Application of Porous Scaffolds for Cardiovascular Tissues"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Tatsuya","family":"Watanabe","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Regenerative Medicine, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children\u2019s Hospital, Columbus, OH 43205, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Salha","family":"Sassi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Regenerative Medicine, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children\u2019s Hospital, Columbus, OH 43205, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5064-0634","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anudari","family":"Ulziibayar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Regenerative Medicine, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children\u2019s Hospital, Columbus, OH 43205, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rikako","family":"Hama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Regenerative Medicine, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children\u2019s Hospital, Columbus, OH 43205, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Takahiro","family":"Kitsuka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Regenerative Medicine, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children\u2019s Hospital, Columbus, OH 43205, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5173-9249","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Toshiharu","family":"Shinoka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Regenerative Medicine, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children\u2019s Hospital, Columbus, OH 43205, USA"},{"name":"Department of Surgery, Nationwide Children\u2019s Hospital, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43205, USA"},{"name":"Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Heart Center, Nationwide Children\u2019s Hospital, Columbus, OH 43205, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2020.01.014","article-title":"Advanced heart failure: Epidemiology, diagnosis, and therapeutic approaches","volume":"8","author":"Truby","year":"2020","journal-title":"JACC Heart Fail."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2582938","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/2582938","article-title":"TAVR: A review of current practices and considerations in low-risk patients","volume":"2020","author":"Spears","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. 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