{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,23]],"date-time":"2026-08-23T16:41:52Z","timestamp":1787503312056,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,2]],"date-time":"2023-06-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1685664000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"NSF STTR 1448900","award":["R01 EY20670"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 EY20670"]}]},{"name":"NSF STTR 1448900","award":["R01 EY025543"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 EY025543"]}]},{"name":"NIH","award":["R01 EY20670"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 EY20670"]}]},{"name":"NIH","award":["R01 EY025543"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 EY025543"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Bioengineering"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Glaucoma, where increased intraocular pressure (IOP) leads to damage to the optic nerve and loss of sight, is amongst the foremost causes of irreversible blindness worldwide. In primary open angle glaucoma, the increased IOP is a result of the malfunctioning human trabecular meshwork (HTM) cells\u2019 inability to properly regulate the outflow of aqueous humor from the eye. A potential future treatment for glaucoma is to replace damaged HTM cells with a tissue-engineered substitute, thus restoring proper fluid outflow. Polycaprolactone (PCL) is a versatile, biodegradable, and implantable material that is widely used for cell culture and tissue engineering. In this work, PCL scaffolds were lithographically fabricated using a sacrificial process to produce submicron-thick scaffolds with openings of specific sizes and shapes (e.g., grid, hexagonal pattern). The HTM cell growth on gelatin-coated PCL scaffolds was assessed by scanning electron microscopy, tetrazolium metabolic activity assay, and cytoskeletal organization of F-actin. Expression of HTM-specific markers and ECM deposition were assessed by immunocytochemistry and qPCR analysis. Gelatin-coated, micropatterned, ultrathin, porous PCL scaffolds with a grid pattern supported proper HTM cell growth, cytoskeleton organization, HTM-marker expression, and ECM deposition, demonstrating the feasibility of using these PCL scaffolds to tissue-engineer implantable, healthy ocular outflow tissue.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/bioengineering10060679","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,2]],"date-time":"2023-06-02T08:50:31Z","timestamp":1685695831000},"page":"679","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Recreating the Trabecular Outflow Tissue on Implantable, Micropatterned, Ultrathin, Porous Polycaprolactone Scaffolds"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5713-5059","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luke A.","family":"Beardslee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Colleges of Nanoscale Science and Engineering, SUNY Polytechnic Institute, 257 Fuller Road, Albany, NY 12203, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Justin R.","family":"Halman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Colleges of Nanoscale Science and Engineering, SUNY Polytechnic Institute, 257 Fuller Road, Albany, NY 12203, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea M.","family":"Unser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, 450 Clackson Avenue, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1395-7365","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yubing","family":"Xie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Colleges of Nanoscale Science and Engineering, SUNY Polytechnic Institute, 257 Fuller Road, Albany, NY 12203, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Danias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, 450 Clackson Avenue, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Magnus","family":"Bergkvist","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Colleges of Nanoscale Science and Engineering, SUNY Polytechnic Institute, 257 Fuller Road, Albany, NY 12203, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0908-4197","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Susan T.","family":"Sharfstein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Colleges of Nanoscale Science and Engineering, SUNY Polytechnic Institute, 257 Fuller Road, Albany, NY 12203, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karen Y.","family":"Torrejon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Colleges of Nanoscale Science and Engineering, SUNY Polytechnic Institute, 257 Fuller Road, Albany, NY 12203, USA"},{"name":"Glauconix Biosciences Inc., 251 Fuller Road, Albany, NY 12203, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2201","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2012.03.011","article-title":"Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma: A transforming growth factor-\u03b2 pathway-mediated disease","volume":"180","author":"Taylor","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am. 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