{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,11]],"date-time":"2026-07-11T19:04:24Z","timestamp":1783796664251,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,11]],"date-time":"2023-06-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1686441600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2021YFF0501600"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021YFF0501600"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2022A703-3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022A703-3"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Zhanjiang Competitive allocation of special funds for scientific and technological development","award":["2021YFF0501600"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021YFF0501600"]}]},{"name":"Zhanjiang Competitive allocation of special funds for scientific and technological development","award":["2022A703-3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022A703-3"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Bioengineering"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Excessive distraction in corrective spine surgery can lead to iatrogenic distraction spinal cord injury. Diagnosis of the location of the spinal cord injury helps in early removal of the injury source. The time-frequency components of the somatosensory evoked potential have been reported to provide information on the location of spinal cord injury, but most studies have focused on contusion injuries of the cervical spine. In this study, we established 19 rat models of distraction spinal cord injury at different levels and collected the somatosensory evoked potentials of the hindlimb and extracted their time-frequency components. Subsequently, we used k-medoid clustering and naive Bayes to classify spinal cord injury at the C5 and C6 level, as well as spinal cord injury at the cervical, thoracic, and lumbar spine, respectively. The results showed that there was a significant delay in the latency of the time-frequency components distributed between 15 and 30 ms and 50 and 150 Hz in all spinal cord injury groups. The overall classification accuracy was 88.28% and 84.87%. The results demonstrate that the k-medoid clustering and naive Bayes methods are capable of extracting the time-frequency component information depending on the spinal cord injury location and suggest that the somatosensory evoked potential has the potential to diagnose the location of a spinal cord injury.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/bioengineering10060707","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,12]],"date-time":"2023-06-12T02:28:42Z","timestamp":1686536922000},"page":"707","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Identifying Intraoperative Spinal Cord Injury Location from Somatosensory Evoked Potentials\u2019 Time-Frequency Components"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Hanlei","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Songkun","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rong","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hongyan","family":"Cui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524255, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8548-8233","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yongcan","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory of Orthopaedic Regenerative Technologies, Orthopaedic Research Center, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0305-5616","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yong","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, China"},{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524255, China"},{"name":"Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2440","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-200711000-00015","article-title":"Neurophysiological detection of impending spinal cord injury during scoliosis surgery","volume":"89","author":"Schwartz","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. 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