{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T23:10:18Z","timestamp":1790291418858,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,13]],"date-time":"2023-07-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1689206400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000780","name":"European Union Seventh Framework Programme","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["603049"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["603049"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000780","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000780","name":"European Union Seventh Framework Programme","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PI15\/00181"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PI15\/00181"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000780","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000780","name":"European Union Seventh Framework Programme","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PERIS SLT002\/16\/00445"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PERIS SLT002\/16\/00445"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000780","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004587","name":"Ministerio de Econom\u00eda y Competitividad-ISCiii","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["603049"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["603049"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004587","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004587","name":"Ministerio de Econom\u00eda y Competitividad-ISCiii","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PI15\/00181"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PI15\/00181"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004587","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004587","name":"Ministerio de Econom\u00eda y Competitividad-ISCiii","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PERIS SLT002\/16\/00445"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PERIS SLT002\/16\/00445"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004587","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Department of Health of Generalitat de Catalunya","award":["603049"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["603049"]}]},{"name":"Department of Health of Generalitat de Catalunya","award":["PI15\/00181"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PI15\/00181"]}]},{"name":"Department of Health of Generalitat de Catalunya","award":["PERIS SLT002\/16\/00445"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PERIS SLT002\/16\/00445"]}]},{"name":"FEDER funds","award":["603049"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["603049"]}]},{"name":"FEDER funds","award":["PI15\/00181"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PI15\/00181"]}]},{"name":"FEDER funds","award":["PERIS SLT002\/16\/00445"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PERIS SLT002\/16\/00445"]}]},{"name":"IDIBELL summer internship","award":["603049"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["603049"]}]},{"name":"IDIBELL summer internship","award":["PI15\/00181"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PI15\/00181"]}]},{"name":"IDIBELL summer internship","award":["PERIS SLT002\/16\/00445"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PERIS SLT002\/16\/00445"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Bioengineering"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Structural valve deterioration (SVD) of bioprosthetic heart valves (BHVs) has great clinical and economic consequences. Notably, immunity against BHVs plays a major role in SVD, especially when implanted in young and middle-aged patients. However, the complex pathogenesis of SVD remains to be fully characterized, and analyses of commercial BHVs in standardized-preclinical settings are needed for further advancement. Here, we studied the immune response to commercial BHV tissue of bovine, porcine, and equine origin after subcutaneous implantation into adult \u03b11,3-galactosyltransferase-knockout (Gal KO) mice. The levels of serum anti-galactose \u03b11,3-galactose (Gal) and -non-Gal IgM and IgG antibodies were determined up to 2 months post-implantation. Based on histological analyses, all BHV tissues studied triggered distinct infiltrating cellular immune responses that related to tissue degeneration. Increased anti-Gal antibody levels were found in serum after ATS 3f and Freedom\/Solo implantation but not for Crown or Hancock II grafts. Overall, there were no correlations between cellular-immunity scores and post-implantation antibodies, suggesting these are independent factors differentially affecting the outcome of distinct commercial BHVs. These findings provide further insights into the understanding of SVD immunopathogenesis and highlight the need to evaluate immune responses as a confounding factor.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/bioengineering10070833","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,14]],"date-time":"2023-07-14T00:49:30Z","timestamp":1689295770000},"page":"833","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Differential Immune Response to Bioprosthetic Heart Valve Tissues in the \u03b11,3Galactosyltransferase-Knockout Mouse Model"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Kelly","family":"Cas\u00f3s","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases and Transplantation Division, Institut d\u2019Investigaci\u00f3 Biom\u00e8dica de Bellvitge [IDIBELL], L\u2019Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roger","family":"Llatj\u00f3s","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pathology Department, Bellvitge University Hospital, L\u2019Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08907 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arnau","family":"Blasco-Lucas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiac Surgery Department, Bellvitge University Hospital, L\u2019Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08907 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7213-6503","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sebasti\u00e1n G.","family":"Kuguel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases and Transplantation Division, Institut d\u2019Investigaci\u00f3 Biom\u00e8dica de Bellvitge [IDIBELL], L\u2019Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fabrizio","family":"Sbraga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiac Surgery Department, Bellvitge University Hospital, L\u2019Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08907 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cesare","family":"Galli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Avantea Srl, 26100 Cremona, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4761-3571","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vered","family":"Padler-Karavani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cell Research and Immunology, The Shmunis School of Biomedicine and Cancer Research, The George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0110-9054","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thierry","family":"Le Tourneau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut du Thorax, INSERM UMR1087, Nantes University Hospital, 44093 Nantes, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marta","family":"Vadori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Transplantation Immunology Unit, Padua University Hospital, 35128 Padova, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Perota","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Avantea Srl, 26100 Cremona, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jean-Christian","family":"Roussel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut du Thorax, INSERM UMR1087, Nantes University Hospital, 44093 Nantes, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7299-2983","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tomaso","family":"Bottio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padua Medical School, 35121 Padova, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emanuele","family":"Cozzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Transplantation Immunology Unit, Padua University Hospital, 35128 Padova, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jean-Paul","family":"Soulillou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut de Transplantation-Urologie-N\u00e9phrologie, INSERM Unit\u00e9 Mixte de Recherche 1064, Nantes University Hospital, 44093 Nantes, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0888-976X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Manuel","family":"Gali\u00f1anes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiac Surgery and Reparative Therapy of the Heart, Vall d\u2019Hebron Research Institute [VHIR], University Hospital Vall Hebron, Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rafael","family":"M\u00e1\u00f1ez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases and Transplantation Division, Institut d\u2019Investigaci\u00f3 Biom\u00e8dica de Bellvitge [IDIBELL], L\u2019Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Intensive Care Department, Bellvitge University Hospital, L\u2019Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08907 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1837-4268","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cristina","family":"Costa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases and Transplantation Division, Institut d\u2019Investigaci\u00f3 Biom\u00e8dica de Bellvitge [IDIBELL], L\u2019Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1847","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1613792","article-title":"Mechanical or Biologic Prostheses for Aortic-Valve and Mitral-Valve Replacement","volume":"377","author":"Goldstone","year":"2017","journal-title":"N. 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Surg."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1452","DOI":"10.1021\/acsbiomaterials.8b01311","article-title":"Nonglutaraldehyde Fixation for off the Shelf Decellularized Bovine Pericardium in Anticalcification Cardiac Valve Applications","volume":"5","author":"Liu","year":"2019","journal-title":"ACS Biomater. Sci. Eng."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1038\/s41569-019-0254-6","article-title":"Expanding the indications for transcatheter aortic valve implantation","volume":"17","author":"Rahhab","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. 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Cardiovasc."}],"container-title":["Bioengineering"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2306-5354\/10\/7\/833\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T20:12:14Z","timestamp":1760127134000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2306-5354\/10\/7\/833"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,13]]},"references-count":45,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,7]]}},"alternative-id":["bioengineering10070833"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/bioengineering10070833","relation":{},"ISSN":["2306-5354"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2306-5354","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,13]]}}}