{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,19]],"date-time":"2025-12-19T22:10:28Z","timestamp":1766182228290,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,6]],"date-time":"2023-12-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1701820800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"European Union\u2019s H2020 research and innovation program under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie","award":["861138","KP-06-H48\/6 (2020\u20132024)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["861138","KP-06-H48\/6 (2020\u20132024)"]}]},{"name":"BULGARIAN NATIONAL SCIENCE FUND (NSF)","award":["861138","KP-06-H48\/6 (2020\u20132024)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["861138","KP-06-H48\/6 (2020\u20132024)"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Bioengineering"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Various efforts have been made to develop antibacterial biomaterials capable of also sustaining bone remodulation to be used as bone substitutes and reduce patient infection rates and related costs. In this work, beta-tricalcium phosphate (\u03b2-TCP) was chosen due to its known biocompatibility and use as a bone substitute. Metal dopants were incorporated into the crystal structure of the \u03b2-TCP, and disks were produced from this material. Magnesium and strontium, as well as copper and silver, were chosen as dopants to improve the osteogenic and antibacterial properties, respectively. The surface of the \u03b2-TCP samples was further modified using a femtosecond laser system. Grid and line patterns were produced on the plates\u2019 surface via laser ablation, creating grooves with depths lower than 20 \u03bcm and widths between 20 and 40 \u03bcm. Raman and FTIR analysis confirmed that laser ablation did not result in the degradation or phase change of the materials, making it suitable for surface patterning. Laser ablation resulted in increased hydrophilicity of the materials, as the control samples (non-ablated samples) have WCA values ranging from 70\u00b0 to 93\u00b0 and become, upon laser ablation, superwicking surfaces. Confocal measurements show an increase in specific surface area of 50% to 200% compared to the control. Overall, the results indicate the potential of laser ablation to improve the surface characteristics of \u03b2-TCP, which may lead to an improvement in the antibacterial and osteogenic properties of the produced materials.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/bioengineering10121392","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,6]],"date-time":"2023-12-06T03:48:41Z","timestamp":1701834521000},"page":"1392","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Improvement of Metal-Doped \u03b2-TCP Scaffolds for Active Bone Substitutes via Ultra-Short Laser Structuring"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"\u00cdris","family":"Soares","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Micro and Nano-Photonics, Institute of Electronics, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 72 Tsarigradsko Chaussee Blvd, 1784 Sofia, 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INSA Hauts-de-France, CERAMATHS\u2014Laboratoire de Mat\u00e9riaux C\u00e9ramiques et de Math\u00e9matiques, F-59313 Valenciennes, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8383-5585","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marie","family":"Lasgorceix","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Polytechnique Hauts-de-France, INSA Hauts-de-France, CERAMATHS\u2014Laboratoire de Mat\u00e9riaux C\u00e9ramiques et de Math\u00e9matiques, F-59313 Valenciennes, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2801-2957","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anne","family":"Leriche","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Polytechnique Hauts-de-France, INSA Hauts-de-France, CERAMATHS\u2014Laboratoire de Mat\u00e9riaux C\u00e9ramiques et de Math\u00e9matiques, F-59313 Valenciennes, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6230-5190","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maja Dutour","family":"Sikiri\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory for Biocolloids and Surface Chemistry, Division of Physical Chemistry, Ru\u0111er Bo\u0161kovi\u0107 Institute, Bijeni\u010dka cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5981-8590","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katarina","family":"Maru\u0161i\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Radiation Chemistry and Dosimetry Laboratory, Division of Materials Chemistry, Ru\u0111er Bo\u0161kovi\u0107 Institute, Bijeni\u010dka cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Silke","family":"Christiansen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Nanotechnology and Correlative 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