{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]],"date-time":"2026-07-23T16:48:46Z","timestamp":1784825326526,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,17]],"date-time":"2024-01-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1705449600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"ANR PPR STHP 2020","award":["ANR 20-STHP-0003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ANR 20-STHP-0003"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Bioengineering"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Sport climbing performance is highly related to upper limb strength and endurance. Although finger-specific methods are widely analyzed in the literature, no study has yet quantified the effects of arm-specific training. This study aims to compare the effects of three types of training involving different muscle contraction regimens on climbers\u2019 pull-up capabilities. Thirty advanced to high-elite climbers were randomly divided into four groups: eccentric (ECC; n = 8), isometric (ISO; n = 7), plyometric (PLYO; n = 6), and no specific training (CTRL; n = 9), and they participated in a 5-week training, twice a week, focusing on pull-ups on hangboard. Pre- and post-training assessments were conducted using a force-sensing hangboard, analyzing force, velocity, power, and muscle work during three pull-up exercises: pull-ups at body weight under different conditions, incremental weighted pull-ups, and an exhaustion test. The CTRL group showed no change. Maximum strength improved in all three training groups (from +2.2 \u00b1 3.6% to +5.0 \u00b1 2.4%; p &lt; 0.001); velocity variables enhanced in the ECC and PLYO groups (from +5.7 \u00b1 7.4 to +28.7 \u00b1 42%; p &lt; 0.05), resulting in greater power; amplitude increased in the ECC group; and muscle work increased in the PLYO group (+21.9 \u00b1 16.6%; p = 0.015). A 5-week training period effectively enhanced arm performance, but outcomes were influenced by the chosen muscle contraction regimens and initial individual characteristics.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/bioengineering11010085","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,17]],"date-time":"2024-01-17T08:57:32Z","timestamp":1705481852000},"page":"85","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Pull-Up Performance Is Affected Differently by the Muscle Contraction Regimens Practiced during Training among Climbers"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Laurent","family":"Vigouroux","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"ISM (Institute of Movement Sciences), CNRS, Aix-Marseille University, 13288 Marseille, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marine","family":"Devise","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ISM (Institute of Movement Sciences), CNRS, Aix-Marseille University, 13288 Marseille, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.2478\/hukin-2013-0011","article-title":"The Structure of Performance of a Sport Rock Climber","volume":"36","author":"Magiera","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. 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