{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,9]],"date-time":"2026-03-09T10:59:41Z","timestamp":1773053981277,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,26]],"date-time":"2024-01-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1706227200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RS-2023-00243720"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RS-2023-00243720"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["K2319651"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K2319651"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["K2225511"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K2225511"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Korea University Anam Hospital","award":["RS-2023-00243720"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RS-2023-00243720"]}]},{"name":"Korea University Anam Hospital","award":["K2319651"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K2319651"]}]},{"name":"Korea University Anam Hospital","award":["K2225511"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K2225511"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Bioengineering"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This study aims to compare changes of corneal topography (Galilei G4) before and after the instillation of artificial tears in patients with dry eye disease (DED). Corneal topography was performed in patients 1 min before and after artificial tear instillation. Two types of artificial tears were used: 1% polysorbate 80 (PSB) and 0.5% carboxymethylcellulose (CMC). Of 135 patients, PSB and CMC were instilled in 101 and 34 eyes, respectively. The average value of Sim K increased significantly after instillation (44.07 \u00b1 2.26 diopter (D)) compared to before (43.90 \u00b1 2.02 D, p = 0.006) the instillation of artificial tears. Mean Sim K astigmatism was statistically increased after PSB instillation (1.48 \u00b1 2.17 D) compared to before instillation (1.31 \u00b1 2.10 D, p = 0.049). An axis change of astigmatism 10\u00b0 or more after artificial tear instillation was found in 51.9% of patients, and 30\u00b0 or more in 20.0% of patients. Increased Sim K value and significant changes in the astigmatic axis in the corneal topography were observed after instillation of artificial tears in DED patients. PSB instillation had a greater effect on corneal keratometry values than CMC instillation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/bioengineering11020121","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,26]],"date-time":"2024-01-26T04:05:46Z","timestamp":1706241946000},"page":"121","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Artificial Tear Instillation-Induced Changes in Corneal Topography"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7825-6813","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yunjin","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Gachon University College of Medicine, Gil Medical Center, 21, Namdong-daero 774beon-gil, Namdong-gu, Incheon 21565, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tae Hun","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Gachon University College of Medicine, Gil Medical Center, 21, Namdong-daero 774beon-gil, Namdong-gu, Incheon 21565, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hae Jung","family":"Paik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Gachon University College of Medicine, Gil Medical Center, 21, Namdong-daero 774beon-gil, Namdong-gu, Incheon 21565, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3985-990X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dong Hyun","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Korea University College of Medicine, 73, Goryeodae-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2017.08.027","article-title":"Accuracy of Intraocular Lens Calculation Formulas","volume":"125","author":"Melles","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1334","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2019.04.011","article-title":"Update on Intraocular Lens Calculation Formulas","volume":"126","author":"Melles","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1080\/08820538.2022.2112699","article-title":"Understanding and Optimizing Ocular Biometry for Cataract Surgery in Dry Eye Disease: A Review","volume":"38","author":"Nibandhe","year":"2023","journal-title":"Semin. 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