{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,6]],"date-time":"2025-11-06T06:24:56Z","timestamp":1762410296866,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":65,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,28]],"date-time":"2024-03-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1711584000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003069","name":"Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SIP-2024","CF-2023-I-2042"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SIP-2024","CF-2023-I-2042"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003069","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003141","name":"Consejo Nacional de Humanidades, Ciencias y Tecnolog\u00edas","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SIP-2024","CF-2023-I-2042"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SIP-2024","CF-2023-I-2042"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003141","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Bioengineering"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This work reports the modification in the homogeneity of ablation effects with the assistance of nonlinear optical phenomena exhibited by C. albicans ATCC 10231, forming a biofilm. Equivalent optical energies with different levels of intensity were irradiated in comparative samples, and significant changes were observed. Nanosecond pulses provided by an Nd:YAG laser system at a 532 nm wavelength in a single-beam experiment were employed to explore the photodamage and the nonlinear optical transmittance. A nonlinear optical absorption coefficient \u22122 \u00d7 10\u22126 cm\/W was measured in the samples studied. It is reported that multiphotonic interactions can promote more symmetric optical damage derived by faster changes in the evolution of fractional photoenergy transference. The electrochemical response of the sample was studied to further investigate the electronic dynamics dependent on electrical frequency, and an electro-capacitive behavior in the sample was identified. Fractional differential calculations were proposed to describe the thermal transport induced by nanosecond pulses in the fungi media. These results highlight the nonlinear optical effects to be considered as a base for developing photothermally activated phototechnology and high-precision photodamage in biological systems.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/bioengineering11040333","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,28]],"date-time":"2024-03-28T12:22:46Z","timestamp":1711628566000},"page":"333","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Multiphotonic Ablation and Electro-Capacitive Effects Exhibited by Candida albicans Biofilms"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3528-7999","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jose Alberto","family":"Arano-Martinez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Secci\u00f3n de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigaci\u00f3n, Escuela Superior de Ingenier\u00eda Mec\u00e1nica y El\u00e9ctrica Unidad Zacatenco, Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional, Ciudad de M\u00e9xico 07738, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-1453-108X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9 Alejandro","family":"Hern\u00e1ndez-Ben\u00edtez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Microbiolog\u00eda, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biol\u00f3gicas, Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional, Ciudad de M\u00e9xico 11340, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hilario","family":"Martines-Arano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Escuela Superior Tepeji del R\u00edo, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma del Estado de Hidalgo, Tepeji del R\u00edo de Ocampo, Hidalgo 42860, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A\u00edda Ver\u00f3nica","family":"Rodr\u00edguez-Tovar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Microbiolog\u00eda, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biol\u00f3gicas, Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional, Ciudad de M\u00e9xico 11340, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Trejo-Valdez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Escuela Superior de Ingenier\u00eda Qu\u00edmica e Industrias Extractivas, Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional, Ciudad de M\u00e9xico 07738, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6610-5559","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Blanca Estela","family":"Garc\u00eda-P\u00e9rez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Microbiolog\u00eda, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biol\u00f3gicas, Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional, Ciudad de M\u00e9xico 11340, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9255-2416","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carlos","family":"Torres-Torres","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Secci\u00f3n de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigaci\u00f3n, Escuela Superior de Ingenier\u00eda Mec\u00e1nica y El\u00e9ctrica Unidad Zacatenco, Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional, Ciudad de M\u00e9xico 07738, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15145","DOI":"10.1039\/C9CC08463K","article-title":"A Lipase-Responsive Antifungal Nanoplatform for Synergistic Photodynamic\/Photothermal\/Pharmaco-Therapy of Azole-Resistant Candida albicans Infections","volume":"55","author":"Yang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Chem. 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