{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,26]],"date-time":"2026-04-26T00:28:54Z","timestamp":1777163334581,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,7]],"date-time":"2024-10-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1728259200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"University of Craiova"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Bioengineering"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The development of the finite element method (FEM) combined block polynomial interpolation with the concepts of finite difference formats and the variation principle. Because of this combination, the FEM overcomes the shortcomings of traditional variation methods while maintaining the benefits of current variation methods and the flexibility of the finite difference method. As a result, the FEM is an advancement above the traditional variation methods. The purpose of this study is to experimentally highlight the thermal behavior of two stomatognathic systems, one a control and the other presenting orthodontic treatment by means of a fixed metallic orthodontic appliance, both being subjected to several thermal regimes. In order to sustain this experimental research, we examined the case of a female subject, who was diagnosed with Angle class I malocclusion. The patient underwent a bimaxillary CBCT investigation before initiating the orthodontic treatment. A three-dimensional model with fully closed surfaces was obtained by using the InVesalius and Geomagic programs. Like the tissues examined in the patient, bracket and tube-type elements as well as orthodontic wires can be included to the virtual models. Once it is finished and geometrically accurate, the model is exported to an FEM-using program, such as Ansys Workbench. The intention was to study the behavior of two stomatognathic systems (with and without a fixed metallic orthodontic appliance) subjected to very hot food (70 \u00b0C) and very cold food (\u221218 \u00b0C). From the analysis of the obtained data, it was concluded that, following the simulations carried out in the presence of the fixed metallic orthodontic appliance, significantly higher temperatures were generated in the dental pulp.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/bioengineering11101002","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,7]],"date-time":"2024-10-07T08:35:23Z","timestamp":1728290123000},"page":"1002","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Assessment of Thermal Influence on an Orthodontic System by Means of the Finite Element Method"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2395-6975","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stelian-Mihai-Sever","family":"Petrescu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anne-Marie","family":"Rauten","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mihai","family":"Popescu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pedodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mihai Raul","family":"Popescu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Occlusology and Fixed Prosthetics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Drago\u0219 Lauren\u021biu","family":"Popa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Automotive, Transportation and Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Mechanics, University of Craiova, 200478 Craiova, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dumitru","family":"Ilie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Automotive, Transportation and Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Mechanics, University of Craiova, 200478 Craiova, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8698-1334","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alina","family":"Du\u021b\u0103","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Automotive, Transportation and Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Mechanics, University of Craiova, 200478 Craiova, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lauren\u021biu Daniel","family":"R\u0103cil\u0103","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Applied Mechanics, Faculty of Mechanics, University of Craiova, 200478 Craiova, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniela Doina","family":"Vintil\u0103","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Applied Mechanics, Faculty of Mechanics, University of Craiova, 200478 Craiova, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gabriel","family":"Buciu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Nursing, Faculty of Nursing-T\u00e2rgu Jiu, Titu Maiorescu University, 210102 T\u00e2rgu Jiu, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jobcr.2021.10.012","article-title":"Malocclusion and occlusal traits among dental and nursing students of Seven North-East states of India","volume":"12","author":"Devi","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. 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