{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,19]],"date-time":"2026-02-19T02:39:47Z","timestamp":1771468787933,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,5]],"date-time":"2025-03-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1741132800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Invibio Knees Ltd.","award":["EP\/N00941X\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["EP\/N00941X\/1"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000266","name":"EPSRC Medical Technologies Innovation and Knowledge Centre Phase 2 Regenerative Devices","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["EP\/N00941X\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["EP\/N00941X\/1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000266","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Bioengineering"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Experimental wear simulation of a PEEK-OPTIMA\u2122 polymer-on-UHMWPE total knee replacement has shown equivalent UHMWPE wear to conventional knee replacement materials (cobalt chrome-on-UHMWPE) when tested in a clean environment. The aim of this study was to experimentally investigate the wear of this all-polymer total knee replacement under third body wear conditions. Three PEEK-OPTIMA\u2122 and three cobalt chrome femoral components articulating against all-polyethylene tibial components were tested in a knee simulator. One million cycles of wear simulation was carried out in clean lubricant under conditions replicating walking followed by one million cycles with the lubricant contaminated with porcine bone particles, then one million cycles with PMMA cement particles. UHMWPE wear was determined gravimetrically. Statistical analysis compared UHMWPE wear against PEEK femoral components to cobalt chrome. In clean lubricant and with bone particles in the lubricant, there was no significant difference (p &gt; 0.05) in UHMWPE wear against the different femoral component materials, and wear rates were similar under both conditions. With PMMA particles, there was a dramatic increase in UHMWPE wear for both knee replacement systems but no significant difference (p &gt; 0.05) in UHMWPE wear between the femoral component materials. This is the first study to investigate wear of an all-polymer knee under third body wear conditions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/bioengineering12030261","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,5]],"date-time":"2025-03-05T05:54:38Z","timestamp":1741154078000},"page":"261","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Third Body Wear of an All-Polymer, PEEK-OPTIMA\u2122 on Ultra-High-Molecular-Weight Polyethylene Total Knee Replacement"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3903-5916","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Raelene M.","family":"Cowie","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Medical and Biological Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6581-3238","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jens","family":"Schwiesau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research & Development, Aesculap AG, 78532 Tuttlingen, Germany"},{"name":"Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Department of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Musculoskeletal University Center Munich (MUM), Campus Grosshadern, LMU Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1068-7497","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thomas M.","family":"Grupp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research & Development, Aesculap AG, 78532 Tuttlingen, Germany"},{"name":"Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Department of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Musculoskeletal University Center Munich (MUM), Campus Grosshadern, LMU Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Adam","family":"Briscoe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Medical and Biological Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK"},{"name":"Invibio Biomaterials Solutions, Lancashire FY5 4QD, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1446-4511","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Louise M.","family":"Jennings","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Medical and Biological Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"(2025, February 03). 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B."}],"container-title":["Bioengineering"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2306-5354\/12\/3\/261\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,9]],"date-time":"2025-10-09T16:47:27Z","timestamp":1760028447000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2306-5354\/12\/3\/261"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,5]]},"references-count":49,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]}},"alternative-id":["bioengineering12030261"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/bioengineering12030261","relation":{},"ISSN":["2306-5354"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2306-5354","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,5]]}}}