{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T23:55:39Z","timestamp":1790985339369,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,16]],"date-time":"2025-04-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1744761600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"5 per mille"},{"name":"Italian Ministry of Health"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Bioengineering"],"abstract":"<jats:p>(1) Background: Marker-based optical motion tracking is the gold standard in gait analysis; however, markerless solutions are rapidly emerging today. Algorithms like Openpose can track human movement from a video. Few studies have assessed the validity of this method. This study aimed to assess the reliability of Openpose in measuring the kinematics and spatiotemporal gait parameters. (2) Methods: This analysis used simultaneously recorded video and optoelectronic motion capture data. We assessed 20 subjects with different gait impairments (healthy, right hemiplegia, left hemiplegia, paraparesis). The two methods were compared using computing absolute errors (AEs), intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs), and cross-correlation coefficients (CCs) for normalized gait cycle joint angles. (3) Results: The spatiotemporal parameters showed an ICC between good to excellent, and the absolute error was very small: cadence AE = 1.63 step\/min, Mean Velocity AE = 0.16 m\/s. The Range of Motion (ROM) showed a good to excellent agreement in the sagittal plane. Furthermore, the normalized gait cycle CCC values indicated moderate to strong coupling in the sagittal plane. (4) Conclusions: We found Openpose to be accurate for sagittal plane gait kinematics and for spatiotemporal gait parameters in the healthy and pathological subjects assessed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/bioengineering12040424","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,16]],"date-time":"2025-04-16T11:02:57Z","timestamp":1744801377000},"page":"424","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Comparing the Accuracy of Markerless Motion Analysis and Optoelectronic System for Measuring Gait Kinematics of Lower Limb"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-5193-2899","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luca Emanuele","family":"Molteni","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Scientific Institute IRCCS \u201cE. Medea\u201d, Bosisio Parini, 23842 Lecco, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5537-4128","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Andreoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Scientific Institute IRCCS \u201cE. Medea\u201d, Bosisio Parini, 23842 Lecco, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Design, Politecnico di Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2022.08.008","article-title":"Comparing the accuracy of open-source pose estimation methods for measuring gait kinematics","volume":"97","author":"Washabaugh","year":"2022","journal-title":"Gait Posture"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rehab.2010.09.002","article-title":"Influence of clinical and gait analysis experience on reliability of observational gait analysis (Edinburgh Gait Score Reliability)","volume":"53","author":"Viehweger","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ann. Phys. Rehabil. 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