{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T18:53:24Z","timestamp":1790189604885,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,27]],"date-time":"2025-08-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756252800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Korea Health Technology R&amp;D Project through the Korea Health Industry Development Institute (KHIDI)","award":["HI19C0757"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HI19C0757"]}]},{"name":"Korea Health Technology R&amp;D Project through the Korea Health Industry Development Institute (KHIDI)","award":["RS-2025-02273000"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RS-2025-02273000"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003710","name":"Ministry of Health &amp; Welfare, Republic of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["HI19C0757"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HI19C0757"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003710","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003710","name":"Ministry of Health &amp; Welfare, Republic of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RS-2025-02273000"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RS-2025-02273000"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003710","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Korean government (MSIT)","award":["HI19C0757"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HI19C0757"]}]},{"name":"Korean government (MSIT)","award":["RS-2025-02273000"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RS-2025-02273000"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Bioengineering"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This study sought to evaluate the inhibitory effect of pulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF) therapy on bone resorption in a mouse model of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced osteoporosis. A total of 40 mice were divided into four groups: control, LPS, LPS + alendronate, and LPS + PEMF. Blood and spleen samples were analyzed using RT-PCR and ELISA, while calvaria and femurs were assessed by micro-computed tomography (CT) and histological analysis. Serum analysis revealed that, compared with the control group, calcium levels in the PEMF group showed no significant difference, but alkaline phosphatase (ALP) levels were significantly increased, whereas tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) levels were significantly decreased. Moreover, blood cytokine analysis showed reduced expression of TNF-\u03b1 and IL-1\u03b2 and increased expression of BMP-2 in the PEMF group. Spleen tissue analysis further demonstrated significant upregulation of IFN-\u03b3 and IL-10 expression in the PEMF group. Micro-CT confirmed that PEMF inhibited femoral bone loss and promoted bone regeneration in calvarial defects. Histological evaluation with hematoxylin and eosin and Masson\u2013Goldner trichrome staining confirmed enhanced bone formation in both the femur and calvaria. In conclusion, PEMF effectively alleviates bone loss and promotes bone regeneration in LPS-induced osteoporosis. Furthermore, PEMF exhibits anti-osteoclastogenic activity by reducing inflammatory cytokines and enhancing IFN-\u03b3 and IL-10 expression in the spleen.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/bioengineering12090923","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,28]],"date-time":"2025-08-28T10:29:18Z","timestamp":1756376958000},"page":"923","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Decreasing Bone Resorption by Inducing Anti-Osteoclastogenic IFN-\u03b3 and IL-10 Expression in the Spleen Through an Electromagnetic Field on LPS-Induced Osteoporosis Mice"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Myeong-Hyun","family":"Nam","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, Dongguk University, Goyang-si 10326, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hee-Jung","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, Dongguk University, Goyang-si 10326, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tae-Woo","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, Dongguk University, Goyang-si 10326, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"In-Ho","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, Dongguk University, Goyang-si 10326, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hee-Deok","family":"Yun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, Dongguk University, Goyang-si 10326, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zuyu","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, Dongguk University, Goyang-si 10326, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7533-9605","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Young-Kwon","family":"Seo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, Dongguk University, Goyang-si 10326, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"NIH Consensus Development Panel on Osteoporosis Prevention, Diagnosis, and Therapy (2001). 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