{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T15:58:04Z","timestamp":1759334284968,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,30]],"date-time":"2025-09-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759190400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.mdpi.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Bioengineering"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/Objectives: Whole-body vibration (WBV) has been widely studied for its effects on neuromuscular activation, circulation, and balance. This study investigates the effect of wearing frequency of vibrating sneakers (18 Hz) on lower limb muscle activation during walking and squatting in middle-aged Koreans (40\u201360 years old). The objective is to assess whether WBV footwear enhances muscle engagement in both active and sedentary individuals. Methods: A 16-week randomized controlled trial was conducted with 64 participants divided into exercise (walking 30 min, three times a week) and non-exercise groups. Each group was further divided into wearing and non-wearing vibrating sneaker subgroups. Muscle activation of the quadriceps and gastrocnemius was measured using surface electromyography before and after the intervention. Results: Participants wearing vibrating sneakers showed significantly increased quadriceps and gastrocnemius activation during squatting and walking compared to non-wearers (p &lt; 0.05). The exercise group wearing WBV sneakers exhibited greater improvements in muscle activation than the non-exercise group, indicating that WBV enhances the benefits of regular walking. However, no significant differences were observed in some lower leg muscles, suggesting that WBV effects may vary based on movement type and muscle group. Conclusions: Findings suggest that WBV sneakers (18 Hz) can enhance muscle activation during dynamic movements, potentially offering a low-impact training alternative for improving lower limb strength. These results provide valuable insights for exercise professionals, rehabilitation specialists, and wearable sensor developers, highlighting the potential of WBV footwear in neuromuscular conditioning and injury prevention.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/bioengineering12101060","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,30]],"date-time":"2025-09-30T10:54:48Z","timestamp":1759229688000},"page":"1060","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Enhancing Muscle Activation Monitoring with Wearable Vibrating Sneakers: An EMG System-Based Approach for Continuous Health Assessment"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Doo-Hoi","family":"Goo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sports Science, Sungshin Women\u2019s University, 2 Bomun-ro 34da-gil, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02844, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Min-Su","family":"Heo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"OOZOOTECH Inc., Lead Smart Square Knowledge Industry Center, 325 Sandan-ro, Danwon-gu, Ansan-si 15426, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Woo-Young","family":"Chung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of General Education, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hyeong Ho","family":"Hong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dr. Hong Gym, 4th Floor, 306-28, Cheyuk-ro, Uijeongbu-si 11666, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eun-Yeong","family":"Jeong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Social Welfare, Seoul Christian University, Seoul 03422, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ji-Hyuk","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sports Science, Gwangju University, Gwangju 61743, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jae-Chan","family":"An","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sports Science, Gwangju University, Gwangju 61743, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hae-Joo","family":"Kang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sports Science, Sungshin Women\u2019s University, 2 Bomun-ro 34da-gil, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02844, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Korea_Mountaineering_and_Trekking_Support_Center (2024, December 18). 2021 National Awareness Survey on Mountaineering and Trekking Report. 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