{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,9]],"date-time":"2025-10-09T19:10:26Z","timestamp":1760037026205,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,7]],"date-time":"2025-10-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759795200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Consejo Nacional de Humanidades, Ciencia y Tecnologia (CONAHCYT)","award":["CVU 646992","A01094310"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CVU 646992","A01094310"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004961","name":"Tecnol\u00f3gico de Monterrey, Mexico","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CVU 646992","A01094310"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CVU 646992","A01094310"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004961","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Bioengineering"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The recent literature has debated the appropriate level of complexity for spine kinematic models. Multi-segmental analyses have been suggested to be more suitable for activities such as walking and running; however, studies focusing on sport-specific movements remain limited. This study compared four spine segmentation strategies for analyzing exercises simulating flexion and extension in acrobatic elements. Seventeen competitive university-level cheerleaders (male and female) participated in a motion capture study. Each athlete performed six exercises in the same order. Reflective markers were placed on the spinous processes of C7, T10, L1, L2, L3, L4, L5, and S1. From these, four models were constructed: (1) L1 and L5, (2) T10 and S1, (3) L1, L3, and L5, and (4) all lumbar vertebrae. Each model was fitted in the sagittal plane using a polynomial function and compared with the others via Pearson correlation. Model 3 (L1, L3, and L5) and Model 4 (all lumbar vertebrae) showed strong correlations across all trials, with Pearson coefficients approaching 1. These findings support the use of a two-segment representation of the lumbar spine (Model 3: L1\u2013L3 and L3\u2013L5) as a suitable approach for kinematic analysis of flexion\u2013extension in acrobatic athletes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/bioengineering12101087","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,7]],"date-time":"2025-10-07T08:05:36Z","timestamp":1759824336000},"page":"1087","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Adequate Segmentation in Marker-Based Motion Capture Studies for Hyperflexion and Hyperextension Lumbar Exercises"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5411-739X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Claudia F.","family":"Romero-Flores","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey 64700, Nuevo Leon, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9270-0052","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rogelio","family":"Bustamante-Bello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey 64700, Nuevo Leon, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8333-6359","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marcos","family":"Moya Bencomo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey 64700, Nuevo Leon, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-2725-5576","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"I\u00f1aki","family":"Zenteno Aguirrezabal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Ortopedia y Traumatolog\u00eda, Hospital Zambrano Hellion, TecSalud, San Pedro Garza Garc\u00eda 66260, Nuevo Leon, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1186\/s40798-019-0199-7","article-title":"Lumbar Spine Injuries in Sports: Review of the Literature and Current Treatment Recommendations","volume":"5","author":"Ball","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sports Med.-Open"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Deng, C., and Yu, Q. 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