{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,7]],"date-time":"2026-07-07T16:23:21Z","timestamp":1783441401957,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,25]],"date-time":"2026-06-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782345600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"JSPS KAKENHI","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["JP22K08911"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JP22K08911"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"JSPS KAKENHI","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["JP21K20938"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JP21K20938"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"JSPS KAKENHI","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["JP20KK0200"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JP20KK0200"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"JSPS KAKENHI","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["JP19K09258"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JP19K09258"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Bioengineering"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Hydrophilic surface modification is widely investigated as a strategy to improve the hemocompatibility of small-diameter vascular grafts. We previously developed a polyvinyl alcohol-coated poly-\u03b5-caprolactone nanofiber graft (PVA\u2013PCL graft) and showed that the PVA coating improved graft hydrophilicity and mechanical properties. However, whether this coating provides an in vivo advantage over uncoated PCL grafts remains unclear. In addition, the influence of pre-implantation surface hydration on the function of hydrophilic grafts has not been fully examined. In this study, we first compared PVA\u2013PCL and uncoated PCL grafts in a rat abdominal aorta implantation model and found no statistically significant difference in patency rate between the graft types. We then examined whether pre-wetting enhanced the anti-fouling function of the PVA coating. In vitro whole-blood flushing assays demonstrated that pre-wetting markedly reduced blood component deposition on PVA\u2013PCL grafts, but this effect did not translate into detectable improvements in patency or tissue regeneration in the rat model. These findings indicate that pre-wetting effectively enhances the in vitro anti-fouling behavior of PVA\u2013PCL grafts and may serve as a simple strategy to optimize the functional surface state of hydrophilic coatings. Further studies are needed to determine whether this in vitro improvement can be translated into meaningful enhancement in graft performance in vivo.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/bioengineering13070737","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,7]],"date-time":"2026-07-07T15:02:56Z","timestamp":1783436576000},"page":"737","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Pre-Wetting Reduces Blood Component Deposition on Polyvinyl Alcohol-Coated Poly-\u03b5-Caprolactone Nanofiber Grafts"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8085-9610","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Masahiro","family":"Tsutsui","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiac Surgery, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa 078-8510, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takumi","family":"Yoshida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Life Materials Development Section, Human Life Technology Research Institute, Toyama Industrial Technology Research and Development Center, Toyama 939-1503, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daisuke","family":"Naruse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Business Development Section, Business Development and Quality Control Department, Iaazaj Holdings Co., Ltd., Toyama 932-0398, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7451-5264","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shingo","family":"Kunioka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiac Surgery, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa 078-8510, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daisuke","family":"Koga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microscopic Anatomy and Cell Biology, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa 078-8510, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuta","family":"Kikuchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiac Surgery, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa 078-8510, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Naohiro","family":"Wakabayashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiac Surgery, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa 078-8510, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiroyuki","family":"Kamiya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiac Surgery, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa 078-8510, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8478-4417","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kyohei","family":"Oyama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiac Surgery, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa 078-8510, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2305","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2207899","article-title":"Surgery or Endovascular Therapy for Chronic Limb-Threatening Ischemia","volume":"387","author":"Farber","year":"2022","journal-title":"N. 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