{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T16:16:50Z","timestamp":1785428210235,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,13]],"date-time":"2026-07-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783900800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Victor Babe\u0219 University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timi\u0219oara"},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00afdp487","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Bioengineering"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Myopia is a refractive error reaching alarmingly high levels worldwide and is associated with severe complications such as: maculopathy, retinal detachment, open-angle glaucoma, and posterior subcapsular cataract. The study compared two treatment strategies: defocus-incorporated multi-segment (DIMS) spectacle lenses and single-vision (SV) lenses. Methods: 201 children (mean age 10.92 \u00b1 2.11 years, range, 7\u201317 years) were included in the study (104 patients, DIMS group; 97 patients, SV group). The ophthalmological examination included best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), cycloplegic refractive measurement (SER), eye movement evaluation, cover test, prism cover-uncover tests for near and distance, slit-lamp evaluation, fundus examination and ocular biometry. Results: The mean SER progression in the right eye over the 12-month follow-up was \u22120.29 \u00b1 0.3 D in the DIMS group and \u22120.58 \u00b1 0.45 in the SV group. Children wearing DIMS exhibited significantly less myopia progression (p &lt; 0.001). The multiple linear regression model showed no significant effect of sex or baseline axial length (AL) on SER change (p = 0.057 and 0.17, respectively), whereas treatment lens, age at diagnosis, provenance and baseline SER had a significant effect on SER change (p &lt; 0.001). Conclusions: DIMS lenses are an effective treatment in myopia management in the Caucasian population.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/bioengineering13070802","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]],"date-time":"2026-07-14T02:34:44Z","timestamp":1783996484000},"page":"802","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Defocus-Incorporated Multiple-Segment (DIMS) Spectacle Lenses Versus Single-Vision Lenses for Myopia Control in a South-Eastern European Population"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4950-9962","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Valeria","family":"Mocanu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Ophthalmology Department, \u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"},{"name":"Ophthalmology Clinic, Timisoara Municipal Emergency Hospital, 300254 Timisoara, Romania"},{"name":"Ophthalmo-ENT Tumor Sensory Research Center (EYE-ENT), \u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3079-2139","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Raluca","family":"Horhat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Functional Sciences, \u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"},{"name":"Clinic of Pediatric Surgery, Emergency Children\u2019s Hospital Louis Turcanu, 300011 Timisoara, Romania"},{"name":"Center for Modeling Biological Systems and Data Analysis, \u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Florin-Raul","family":"Horhat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mathematics, Polytechnic University of Timisoara, 300006 Timisoara, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-0502-9548","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mihai","family":"Poenaru-Sava","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ophthalmology Department, \u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"},{"name":"Ophthalmology Clinic, Timisoara Municipal Emergency Hospital, 300254 Timisoara, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9526-2211","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mihnea","family":"Munteanu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ophthalmology Department, \u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"},{"name":"Ophthalmology Clinic, Timisoara Municipal Emergency Hospital, 300254 Timisoara, Romania"},{"name":"Ophthalmo-ENT Tumor Sensory Research Center (EYE-ENT), \u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1111\/aos.13603","article-title":"Axial length growth and the risk of developing myopia in European children","volume":"96","author":"Tideman","year":"2018","journal-title":"Acta Ophthalmol."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1167\/tvst.9.9.11","article-title":"Effect of Defocus Incorporated Multiple Segments Spectacle Lens Wear on Visual Function in Myopic Chinese Children","volume":"9","author":"Lam","year":"2020","journal-title":"Transl. 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