{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T19:56:10Z","timestamp":1790798170519,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,25]],"date-time":"2017-05-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1495670400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Bioengineering"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Sugarcane bagasse (SCB), one of the major lignocellulosic agro-industrial waste products, was used as a substrate for biosynthesis of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) by halophilic archaea. Among the various wild-type halophilic archaeal strains screened, Halogeometricum borinquense strain E3 showed better growth and PHA accumulation as compared to Haloferaxvolcanii strain BBK2, Haloarcula japonica strain BS2, and Halococcus salifodinae strain BK6. Growth kinetics and bioprocess parameters revealed the maximum PHA accumulated by strain E3 to be 50.4 \u00b1 0.1 and 45.7 \u00b1 0.19 (%) with specific productivity (qp) of 3.0 and 2.7 (mg\/g\/h) using NaCl synthetic medium supplemented with 25% and 50% SCB hydrolysate, respectively. PHAs synthesized by strain E3 were recovered in chloroform using a Soxhlet apparatus. Characterization of the polymer using crotonic acid assay, X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimeter (DSC), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), and proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) spectroscopy analysis revealed the polymer obtained from SCB hydrolysate to be a co-polymer of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) [P(3HB-co-3HV)] comprising of 13.29 mol % 3HV units.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/bioengineering4020050","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,30]],"date-time":"2017-05-30T03:52:54Z","timestamp":1496116374000},"page":"50","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":89,"title":["Utilization of Sugarcane Bagasse by Halogeometricum borinquense Strain E3 for Biosynthesis of Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate)"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"4","author":[{"given":"Bhakti","family":"Salgaonkar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani, K K Birla, Goa Campus, NH-17B, Zuarinagar, Goa 403 726, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Judith","family":"Bragan\u00e7a","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani, K K Birla, Goa Campus, NH-17B, Zuarinagar, Goa 403 726, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2082","DOI":"10.1021\/cr200162d","article-title":"Plastics derived from biological sources: Present and future: A technical and environmental review","volume":"112","author":"Chen","year":"2011","journal-title":"Chem. Rev."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2357","DOI":"10.1111\/1462-2920.12356","article-title":"New insights in the formation of polyhydroxyalkanoate granules (carbonosomes) and novel functions of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate)","volume":"16","author":"Jendrossek","year":"2014","journal-title":"Environ. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10065","DOI":"10.1007\/s00253-016-7844-6","article-title":"Footprint area analysis of binary imaged Cupriavidus necator cells to study PHB production at balanced, transient, and limited growth conditions in a cascade process","volume":"100","author":"Vadlja","year":"2016","journal-title":"Appl. Microb. Biotechnol."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nbt.2016.05.001","article-title":"Producing microbial polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) biopolyesters in a sustainable manner","volume":"37","author":"Koller","year":"2017","journal-title":"New Biotechnol."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s10482-006-9095-5","article-title":"Polyhydroxyalkanoates in Gram-positive bacteria: Insights from the genera Bacillus and Streptomyces","volume":"91","author":"Valappil","year":"2007","journal-title":"Antonie Leeuwenhoek."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7811","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.01117-10","article-title":"Wide distribution among halophilic archaea of a novel polyhydroxyalkanoate synthase subtype with homology to bacterial type III synthases","volume":"76","author":"Han","year":"2010","journal-title":"Appl. Environ. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1007\/s10295-004-0136-7","article-title":"Poly-3-hydroxybutyrate (P3HB) production by bacteria from xylose, glucose and sugarcane bagasse hydrolysate","volume":"31","author":"Silva","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Ind. Microbiol. Biotechnol."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Parameswaran, B. (2009). Sugarcane bagasse. Biotechnology for Agro-Industrial Residues Utilisation, Springer.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4020-9942-7_12"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pippo, W.A., and Luengo, C.A. (2013). Sugarcane energy use: Accounting of feedstock energy considering current agro-industrial trends and their feasibility. Int. J. Energy Environ. Eng., 4.","DOI":"10.1186\/2251-6832-4-10"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.15255\/CABEQ.2014.2253","article-title":"Use of lignocellulosic materials for PHA production","volume":"29","author":"Obruca","year":"2015","journal-title":"Chem. Biochem. Eng. Q."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1016\/S0961-9534(02)00066-1","article-title":"The acid hydrolysis of sugarcane bagasse hemicellulose to produce xylose, arabinose, glucose and other products","volume":"23","author":"Lavarack","year":"2002","journal-title":"Biomass Bioenergy"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5320(72)90040-8","article-title":"Ultrastructure of two species of halobacterium","volume":"41","author":"Kirk","year":"1972","journal-title":"J. Ultrastruct. Res."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2289","DOI":"10.1016\/j.procbio.2006.05.026","article-title":"Enzymatic extruded starch as a carbon source for the production of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) by Haloferax mediterranei","volume":"41","author":"Chen","year":"2006","journal-title":"Process Biochem."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6058","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.00953-07","article-title":"Molecular characterization of the phaECHm genes, required for biosynthesis of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) in the extremely halophilicarchaeon Haloarculamarismortui","volume":"73","author":"Han","year":"2007","journal-title":"Appl. Environ. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1499","DOI":"10.1099\/ijs.0.64895-0","article-title":"Haloterrigena hispanica sp. nov., an extremely halophilicarchaeon from Fuente de Piedra, Southern Spain","volume":"57","author":"Romano","year":"2007","journal-title":"Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"787","DOI":"10.1007\/s00792-013-0561-5","article-title":"Accumulation of polyhydroxyalkanoates by halophilic archaea isolated from traditional solar salterns of India","volume":"17","author":"Salgaonkar","year":"2013","journal-title":"Extremophiles"},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1119","DOI":"10.1007\/s00253-010-2611-6","article-title":"Identification of polyhydroxyalkanoates in Halococcus and other haloarchaeal species","volume":"87","author":"Legat","year":"2010","journal-title":"Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"515","DOI":"10.1007\/s00792-015-0735-4","article-title":"Preparation of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-hydroxyvalerate) films from halophilic archaea and their potential use in drug delivery","volume":"19","author":"Danis","year":"2015","journal-title":"Extremophiles"},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1007\/s002530000394","article-title":"Polymer production by two newly isolated extremely halophilic archaea: Application of a novel corrosion-resistant bioreactor","volume":"54","author":"Hezayen","year":"2000","journal-title":"Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"633","DOI":"10.1099\/ijs.0.013078-0","article-title":"Halopiger aswanensis sp. nov., a polymerproducing and extremely halophilicarchaeon isolated from hypersaline soil","volume":"60","author":"Hezayen","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1069","DOI":"10.1007\/s00253-009-2036-2","article-title":"A process for the production of ectoine and poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) by Halomonas boliviensis","volume":"84","year":"2009","journal-title":"Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2672.2005.02589.x","article-title":"Poly(\u03b2-hydroxybutyrate) production by a moderate halophile, Halomonas boliviensis LC1 using starch hydrolysate as substrate","volume":"99","author":"Quillaguaman","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Appl. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"701","DOI":"10.1007\/s10295-006-0098-z","article-title":"Production of polyhydroxyalkanoates from inexpensive extruded rice bran and starch by Haloferax mediterranei","volume":"33","author":"Huang","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Ind. Microbiol. Biotechnol."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"218","DOI":"10.1002\/mabi.200600211","article-title":"Potential of various archae-and eubacterial strains as industrial polyhydroxyalkanoate producers from whey","volume":"7","author":"Koller","year":"2007","journal-title":"Macromol. Biosci."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1007\/s00792-013-0622-9","article-title":"Production of poly-3-(hydroxybutyrate-co-hydroxyvalerate) by Haloferax mediterranei using rice-based ethanol stillage with simultaneous recovery and re-use of medium salts","volume":"18","author":"Bhattacharyya","year":"2014","journal-title":"Extremophiles"},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1186\/2191-0855-2-34","article-title":"Utilization of vinasse for production of poly-3-(hydroxybutyrate-co-hydroxyvalerate) by Haloferax mediterranei","volume":"2","author":"Bhattacharyya","year":"2012","journal-title":"AMB Express"},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1007\/s12223-011-0092-3","article-title":"Utilization of vinasse for the production of polyhydroxybutyrate by Haloarcula marismortui","volume":"57","author":"Pramanik","year":"2012","journal-title":"Folia Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2011.01.036","article-title":"Utilization of petrochemical wastewater for the production of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) by Haloarcula sp. IRU1","volume":"188","author":"Taran","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Hazard. Mater."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1186\/2046-9063-8-15","article-title":"Culturable halophilic archaea at the initial and final stages of salt production in a natural solar saltern of Goa, India","volume":"8","author":"Mani","year":"2012","journal-title":"Aquat. Biosyst."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2015.04.016","article-title":"Biosynthesis of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) by Halogeometricumborinquense strain E3","volume":"78","author":"Salgaonkar","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"key":"ref_31","unstructured":"American Public Health Association, and American Water Works Association (1981). Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater: Selected Analytical Methods Approved and Cited by the United States Environmental Protection Agency, American Public Health Association. [20th ed.]."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"448","DOI":"10.1016\/j.talanta.2008.03.030","article-title":"Assessment of a modified and optimised method for determining chemical oxygen demand of solid substrates and solutions with high suspended solid content","volume":"76","author":"Raposo","year":"2008","journal-title":"Talanta"},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.1021\/ac60111a017","article-title":"Colorimetric method for determination of sugars and related substances","volume":"28","author":"Dubois","year":"1956","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"key":"ref_34","unstructured":"Labconco, C. (1998). A Guide to Kjeldahl Nitrogen Determination Methods and Apparatus, Labconco Corporation."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1347","DOI":"10.1111\/jam.12135","article-title":"Characterization of polyhydroxyalkanoates accumulated by a moderately halophilic salt pan isolate Bacillus megaterium strain H16","volume":"114","author":"Salgaonkar","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Appl. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.82.1.33-36.1961","article-title":"Assay of poly-\u03b2-hydroxybutyric acid","volume":"82","author":"Law","year":"1961","journal-title":"J. Bacteriol."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1385","DOI":"10.1016\/S0014-3057(03)00019-3","article-title":"Medium-chain-length polyhydroxyalkanoic acids (PHA mcl) produced by Pseudomonas putida IPT 046 from renewable sources","volume":"39","author":"Schripsema","year":"2003","journal-title":"Eur. Polym. J."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2859-10-25","article-title":"A reduction in growth rate of Pseudomonas putida KT2442 counteracts productivity advances in medium-chain-length polyhydroxyalkanoate production from gluconate","volume":"10","author":"Follonier","year":"2011","journal-title":"Microb. Cell Factories"},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5996","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2009.03.088","article-title":"Production of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) from waste materials and by-products by submerged and solid-state fermentation","volume":"100","author":"Castilho","year":"2009","journal-title":"Bioresour. Technol."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"573","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compositesa.2009.02.004","article-title":"Studies of the effect of molding pressure and incorporation of sugarcane bagasse fibers on the structure and properties of poly (hydroxy butyrate)","volume":"40","author":"Arizaga","year":"2009","journal-title":"Compos. Part A Appl. Sci. Manuf."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1367","DOI":"10.1002\/pen.23084","article-title":"Mechanical and electrical multifunctional poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate)-multiwall carbon nanotube nanocomposites","volume":"52","author":"Vidhate","year":"2012","journal-title":"Polym. Eng. Sci."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2157","DOI":"10.1016\/j.polymdegradstab.2006.01.008","article-title":"Gamma irradiation effects on poly(hydroxybutyrate)","volume":"91","author":"Oliveira","year":"2006","journal-title":"Polym. Degrad. Stab."},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3118","DOI":"10.1002\/app.30867","article-title":"Poly(hydroxybutyrate-co-hydroxyvalerate)\/titanium dioxide nanocomposites: A degradation study","volume":"114","author":"Buzarovska","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Appl. Polym. Sci."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sudesh, K. (2012). Polyhydroxyalkanoates from Palm Oil: Biodegradable Plastics, Springer Science & Business Media.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-33539-6"},{"key":"ref_45","first-page":"129268","article-title":"Archaeal production of polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) co-and terpolyesters from biodiesel industry-derived by-products","volume":"2013","author":"Koller","year":"2013","journal-title":"Archaea"},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1002\/masy.200750704","article-title":"Biosynthesis of high quality polyhydroxyalkanoate co-and terpolyesters for potential medical application by the archaeon Haloferax mediterranei","volume":"253","author":"Koller","year":"2007","journal-title":"Macromol. Symp."},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1056","DOI":"10.1111\/jam.12605","article-title":"Biosynthesis and characterization of polyhydroxyalkanoates produced by an extreme halophilic bacterium, Halomonas nitroreducens, isolated from hypersaline ponds","volume":"117","author":"Catzin","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Appl. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1002\/mbo3.44","article-title":"Polyester production by halophilic and halotolerant bacterial strains obtained from mangrove soil samples located in Northern Vietnam","volume":"1","author":"Quillaguaman","year":"2012","journal-title":"Microbiol. Open"},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9765","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2010.07.089","article-title":"Production and characterization of a biodegradable poly(hydroxybutyrate-co-hydroxyvalerate) (PHB-co-PHV) copolymer by moderately haloalkalitolerant Halomonas campisalis MCM B-1027 isolated from Lonar Lake, India","volume":"101","author":"Kulkarni","year":"2010","journal-title":"Bioresour. Technol."},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2010.04.007","article-title":"Isolation of promising bacterial strains from soil and marine environment for polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) production utilizing Jatropha biodiesel byproduct","volume":"47","author":"Shrivastav","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8042","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2008.03.071","article-title":"Microbial utilization and biopolyester synthesis of bagasse hydrolysates","volume":"99","author":"Yu","year":"2008","journal-title":"Bioresour. Technol."}],"container-title":["Bioengineering"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2306-5354\/4\/2\/50\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T18:36:54Z","timestamp":1760207814000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2306-5354\/4\/2\/50"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,25]]},"references-count":51,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,6]]}},"alternative-id":["bioengineering4020050"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/bioengineering4020050","relation":{},"ISSN":["2306-5354"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2306-5354","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,25]]}}}