{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T18:17:44Z","timestamp":1791569864388,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":82,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,28]],"date-time":"2022-01-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1643328000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Bioengineering"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The current treatments for the management of corneal and scleral perforations include sutures and adhesives. While sutures are invasive, induce astigmatism and carry a risk of infection, cyanoacrylate glues are toxic, proinflammatory and form an opaque and rough surface that precludes vision. Consequently, the clinical need for a fast curing and strong tissue adhesive with minimised cytotoxicity and host inflammation remains unmet. In this paper, we engineer a gelatine methacryloyl (GelMA) adhesive that can be crosslinked in situ within 2 min using UV or visible light and a riboflavin (RF)\/sodium persulfate (SPS) system. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) images demonstrated that the flowable GelMA adhesive could completely fill corneal wounds and restore the ocular curvature by forming a smooth contour on the ocular surface. Further, ex vivo studies in porcine eyes showed that GelMA bioadhesives exhibited burst pressures that were comparable to cyanoacrylates (49 \u00b1 9 kPa), with the hydrogels exhibiting a transmittance (90%), water content (85%) and storage modulus (5 kPa) similar to the human cornea. Finally, using human dermal fibroblasts, we showed that our GelMA adhesive was non-toxic and could effectively support cell adhesion and proliferation. Taken together, the adhesive\u2019s performance, injectability and ease of administration, together with gelatin\u2019s availability and cost-effectiveness, make it a potential stromal filler or sealant for corneal and conjunctival applications.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/bioengineering9020053","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,29]],"date-time":"2022-01-29T01:41:59Z","timestamp":1643420519000},"page":"53","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":38,"title":["Photocurable GelMA Adhesives for Corneal Perforations"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2929-5266","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"In\u00eas A.","family":"Barroso","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7946-9375","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kenny","family":"Man","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas E.","family":"Robinson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4746-0322","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sophie C.","family":"Cox","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6650-3394","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anita K.","family":"Ghag","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1038\/s41536-017-0038-8","article-title":"Biomaterials-enabled cornea regeneration in patients at high risk for rejection of donor tissue transplantation","volume":"3","author":"Islam","year":"2018","journal-title":"Npj Regen. 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