{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,4]],"date-time":"2025-11-04T11:02:10Z","timestamp":1762254130583,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,21]],"date-time":"2022-04-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1650499200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Bioengineering"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: A healthy lifestyle is not always able to improve the abdomen\u2019s appearance, especially in those patients who have undergone sudden weight changes. Objective: We aimed at evaluating the efficacy of combined microwaves and flat magnetic stimulation (FMS) to treat abdominal localized adiposity and laxity. Methods: Twenty-five patients were subjected to two treatment sessions per month on the abdominal area with microwaves. FMS was also performed twice per week, with a minimum of two days between each session for two months. The technology uses three types of different protocols: massage, muscle definition (shaping), and muscular strengthening. Measurements, including body mass index (BMI) and waist, and abdominal ultrasound were performed at baseline and three months after the last treatment session. Blood examinations were performed, and a 5-Likert scale questionnaire was used to assess patient satisfaction. Results: At follow-up, three months after the last treatment, the mean waist circumference (WC) was significantly reduced, and skin laxity improved in all patients (p &lt; 0.001). A significant improvement in abdominal muscle tissue thickness was also shown in all abdominal areas, and the thickness of the adipose tissue evaluated by ultrasound was reduced. Conclusions: This study proves that the combination of microwaves and FMS treatment is secure and efficient for treating abdominal subcutaneous fat and skin laxity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/bioengineering9050182","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,22]],"date-time":"2022-04-22T05:07:22Z","timestamp":1650604042000},"page":"182","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["A New Protocol to Treat Abdominal Subcutaneous Fat Combining Microwaves and Flat magnetic stimulation"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Steven Paul","family":"Nistic\u00f2","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Sciences, Magna Graecia University, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paolo","family":"Bonan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laser Cutaneous Cosmetic & Plastic Surgery Unit, Villa Donatello Clinic, 50121 Florence, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Federica","family":"Coli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laser Cutaneous Cosmetic & Plastic Surgery Unit, Villa Donatello Clinic, 50121 Florence, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1982-888X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alice","family":"Verdelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laser Cutaneous Cosmetic & Plastic Surgery Unit, Villa Donatello Clinic, 50121 Florence, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7264-8808","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Irene","family":"Fusco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, University of Florence, 50121 Florence, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Francesco","family":"Gratteri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dermatology Unit, Department of Medicine (DIMED), University of Padova, 35100 Padua, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Claudia","family":"Sicilia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Plastic Surgery Unit, Department of Human Pathology, University of Messina, 98121 Messina, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2181-951X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carmen","family":"Cantisani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Policlinico Umberto I, Sapienza University of Rome, 00100 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giovanni","family":"Pellacani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Policlinico Umberto I, Sapienza University of Rome, 00100 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0434-1027","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luigi","family":"Bennardo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Sciences, Magna Graecia University, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giovanni","family":"Cannarozzo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Policlinico Umberto I, Sapienza University of Rome, 00100 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1111\/jocd.12088","article-title":"An evaluation of the patient population for aesthetic treatments targeting abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue","volume":"13","author":"Friedmann","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. 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