{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,23]],"date-time":"2026-08-23T16:33:19Z","timestamp":1787502799811,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,26]],"date-time":"2022-08-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1661472000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004606","name":"Medical Research Council Chang Gung Memorial Hospital","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CMRPGBJ0023"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CMRPGBJ0023"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004606","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004606","name":"Medical Research Council Chang Gung Memorial Hospital","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["110-2314-B-182A-155-MY3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["110-2314-B-182A-155-MY3"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004606","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Ministry of MOST","award":["CMRPGBJ0023"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CMRPGBJ0023"]}]},{"name":"Ministry of MOST","award":["110-2314-B-182A-155-MY3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["110-2314-B-182A-155-MY3"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Bioengineering"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Riehl\u2019s melanosis is a psychologically devastating hyperpigmentary disorder that typically occurs on the face and neck. The study of Riehl\u2019s melanosis is limited due to its rarity, variable morphology, and lack of noninvasive diagnostic tools. Recent advances in skin imaging analysis and diagnostic systems improve diagnostic accuracy and enable the noninvasive, real-time evaluation of pigmentary disease. A comprehensive study of Riehl\u2019s melanosis clinical morphology with multimodality and in vivo skin imaging systems has yet to be reported. Objectives: To investigate the clinical features and in vivo advanced skin imaging findings of Riehl\u2019s melanosis. Methods: We retrospectively investigated the clinical characteristics, dermoscopic, and histopathological features of Riehl\u2019s melanosis. We further utilized multimodality skin imaging analysis systems, including a cellular resolution optical coherence tomography (OCT) and new skin diagnosis system, to investigate the features of Riehl\u2019s melanosis. In addition, we compared OCT findings with histopathological features and clinical assessment. Results: We evaluated 30 patients with Riehl\u2019s melanosis at a tertiary medical center from 2010 to 2022. The average age was 47.7 \u00b1 12.3 (mean \u00b1 SD) years, predominantly female patients (female: n = 23; male: n = 7). Cellular resolution OCT imaging from lesion skin shows increased melanocyte capping, disrupted basement membrane, telangiectatic blood vessels, and melanophages in the dermis. The advanced skin diagnosis system captured subclinical erythema of the skin, highlighting the inflammatory nature of the disease. The results correlated well with histopathological findings. Limitations: This is a single-center, cross-sectional study. Conclusions: We highlight the features of Riehl\u2019s melanosis through a novel cellular resolution OCT and photographic skin diagnosis system. A multimodality skin diagnosis system can serve as a real-time, in vivo, noninvasive method for evaluating pigmentary disorders.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/bioengineering9090419","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,28]],"date-time":"2022-08-28T21:22:56Z","timestamp":1661721776000},"page":"419","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Riehl\u2019s Melanosis: A Multimodality, In Vivo, Real-Time Skin Imaging Study with Cellular Resolution Optical Coherence Tomography and Advanced Skin Diagnosis System in a Tertiary Medical Center"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9139-3107","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peng-Chieh","family":"Shen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1261-4312","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yu-Pei","family":"Chan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan"},{"name":"Vitiligo Clinic and Pigment Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou District, New Taipei 33305, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5335-6279","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chun-Hsien","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7576-963X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chau Yee","family":"Ng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan"},{"name":"Vitiligo Clinic and Pigment Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou District, New Taipei 33305, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Dermatology and Aesthetic Medicine Center, Jen-Ai Hospital, Taichung 41265, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"780","article-title":"\u00dcber eine eigenartige Melanose","volume":"30","author":"Riehl","year":"1917","journal-title":"Wien. 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