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To allow for the study of these disorders from the early stages onward, without using experimental animals, we collected porcine livers in a slaughterhouse and perfused these livers normothermically. With our simplified protocol, the perfused slaughterhouse livers remained viable and functional over five hours of perfusion, as shown by hemodynamics, bile production, indocyanine green clearance, ammonia metabolism, gene expression and histology. As a proof-of-concept to study liver disorders, we show that an infusion of free fatty acids and acetaminophen results in early biochemical signs of liver damage, including reduced functionality. In conclusion, the present platform offers an accessible system to perform research in a functional, relevant large animal model while avoiding using experimental animals. With further improvements to the model, prolonged exposure could make this model a versatile tool for studying liver diseases and potential treatments.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/bioengineering9090471","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,14]],"date-time":"2022-09-14T20:50:45Z","timestamp":1663188645000},"page":"471","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Normothermic Ex Vivo Liver Platform Using Porcine Slaughterhouse Livers for Disease Modeling"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5939-7247","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Melanie","family":"Kr\u00fcger","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"LifeTec Group BV, 5611 ZS Eindhoven, The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1109-1668","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alicia","family":"Ruppelt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LifeTec Group BV, 5611 ZS Eindhoven, The Netherlands"},{"name":"Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria, Politecnico di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6816-3162","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Benjamin","family":"Kappler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LifeTec Group BV, 5611 ZS Eindhoven, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elke","family":"Van Soest","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LifeTec Group BV, 5611 ZS Eindhoven, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roos Anne","family":"Samsom","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1583-9648","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guy C. M.","family":"Grinwis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Veterinary Pathology Diagnostic Centre, Department of Biomedical Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, 3508 TD Utrecht, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Niels","family":"Geijsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7311-3821","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"J. Bernd","family":"Helms","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, 3584 CL Utrecht, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marco","family":"Stijnen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LifeTec Group BV, 5611 ZS Eindhoven, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Linda M.","family":"Kock","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LifeTec Group BV, 5611 ZS Eindhoven, The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0868-7372","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marco","family":"Rasponi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria, Politecnico di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8058-0492","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hans S.","family":"Kooistra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8114-0560","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bart","family":"Spee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjspcare-2014-000838.23","article-title":"Economic Analysis of Costs for Patients with End Stage Liver Disease over the Last Year of Life","volume":"5","author":"Gola","year":"2015","journal-title":"BMJ Support. 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