{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T17:31:22Z","timestamp":1792085482813,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,6]],"date-time":"2022-02-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1644105600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Junta de Castilla y Le\u00f3n. Consejer\u00eda de Sanidad. Centro en Red de Terapia Celular de la Junta de Castilla y Le\u00f3n.","award":["GRS2167\/1\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GRS2167\/1\/2020"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biology"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Doublecortin (DCX) is a microtubule associated protein, essential for correct central nervous system development and lamination in the mammalian cortex. It has been demonstrated to be expressed in developing\u2014but not in mature\u2014neurons. The teleost visual system is an ideal model to study mechanisms of adult neurogenesis due to its continuous life-long growth. Here, we report immunohistochemical, in silico, and western blot analysis to detect the DCX protein in the visual system of teleost fish. We clearly determined the expression of DCX in newly generated cells in the retina of the cichlid fish Astatotilapia burtoni, but not in the cyprinid fish Danio rerio. Here, we show that DCX is not associated with migrating cells but could be related to axonal growth. This work brings to light the high conservation of DCX sequences between different evolutionary groups, which make it an ideal marker for maturing neurons in various species. The results from different techniques corroborate the absence of DCX expression in zebrafish. In A. burtoni, DCX is very useful for identifying new neurons in the transition zone of the retina. In addition, this marker can be applied to follow axons from maturing neurons through the neural fiber layer, optic nerve head, and optic nerve.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/biology11020248","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,6]],"date-time":"2022-02-06T20:36:47Z","timestamp":1644179807000},"page":"248","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Doublecortin in the Fish Visual System, a Specific Protein of Maturing Neurons"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8154-3354","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laura","family":"DeOliveira-Mello","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Neurosciences of Castilla and Le\u00f3n, University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain"},{"name":"Institute for Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8597-3722","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Isabel","family":"Vicente","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, 56124 Pisa, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9410-5510","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Veronica","family":"Gonzalez-Nunez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Neurosciences of Castilla and Le\u00f3n, University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain"},{"name":"Institute for Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adrian","family":"Santos-Ledo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Neurosciences of Castilla and Le\u00f3n, University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain"},{"name":"Institute for Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Almudena","family":"Velasco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Neurosciences of Castilla and Le\u00f3n, University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain"},{"name":"Institute for Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rosario","family":"Ar\u00e9valo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Neurosciences of Castilla and Le\u00f3n, University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain"},{"name":"Institute for Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juan M.","family":"Lara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Neurosciences of Castilla and Le\u00f3n, University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain"},{"name":"Institute for Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7591-4374","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andreas F.","family":"Mack","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Clinical Anatomy and Cell Analysis, Eberhard-Karls Universit\u00e4t T\u00fcbingen, 72074 T\u00fcbingen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(00)80778-3","article-title":"Doublecortin Is a Microtubule-Associated Protein and Is Expressed Widely by Migrating Neurons","volume":"23","author":"Gleeson","year":"1999","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1474-9726.2011.00781.x","article-title":"Adult neurogenesis in the short-lived teleost Nothobranchius furzeri: Localization of neurogenic niches, molecular characterization and effects of aging","volume":"11","author":"Tozzini","year":"2012","journal-title":"Aging Cell."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.10874","article-title":"Transient expression of doublecortin during adult neurogenesis","volume":"467","author":"Brown","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. 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Neurosci."}],"container-title":["Biology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2079-7737\/11\/2\/248\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T22:14:51Z","timestamp":1760134491000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2079-7737\/11\/2\/248"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,6]]},"references-count":55,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2]]}},"alternative-id":["biology11020248"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/biology11020248","relation":{},"ISSN":["2079-7737"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2079-7737","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,6]]}}}