{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,2]],"date-time":"2026-03-02T22:46:18Z","timestamp":1772491578389,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":91,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,29]],"date-time":"2022-04-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1651190400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Ogden College of Science at WKU","award":["P20 HL101425"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P20 HL101425"]}]},{"name":"Ogden College of Science at WKU","award":["U01 HL100398"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U01 HL100398"]}]},{"name":"Ogden College of Science at WKU","award":["K01 HL121045\u201301"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K01 HL121045\u201301"]}]},{"name":"Ogden College of Science at WKU","award":["P20GM103436"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P20GM103436"]}]},{"name":"National Institutes of Health National Heart Lung and Blood Institute","award":["P20 HL101425"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P20 HL101425"]}]},{"name":"National Institutes of Health National Heart Lung and Blood Institute","award":["U01 HL100398"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U01 HL100398"]}]},{"name":"National Institutes of Health National Heart Lung and Blood Institute","award":["K01 HL121045\u201301"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K01 HL121045\u201301"]}]},{"name":"National Institutes of Health National Heart Lung and Blood Institute","award":["P20GM103436"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P20GM103436"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000057","name":"General Medical Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P20 HL101425"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P20 HL101425"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000057","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000057","name":"General Medical Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U01 HL100398"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U01 HL100398"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000057","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000057","name":"General Medical Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["K01 HL121045\u201301"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K01 HL121045\u201301"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000057","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000057","name":"General Medical Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P20GM103436"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P20GM103436"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000057","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"National Science Foundation (EPSCoR)","award":["P20 HL101425"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P20 HL101425"]}]},{"name":"National Science Foundation (EPSCoR)","award":["U01 HL100398"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U01 HL100398"]}]},{"name":"National Science Foundation (EPSCoR)","award":["K01 HL121045\u201301"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K01 HL121045\u201301"]}]},{"name":"National Science Foundation (EPSCoR)","award":["P20GM103436"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P20GM103436"]}]},{"name":"Acorda Therapeutics, Inc.","award":["P20 HL101425"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P20 HL101425"]}]},{"name":"Acorda Therapeutics, Inc.","award":["U01 HL100398"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U01 HL100398"]}]},{"name":"Acorda Therapeutics, Inc.","award":["K01 HL121045\u201301"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K01 HL121045\u201301"]}]},{"name":"Acorda Therapeutics, Inc.","award":["P20GM103436"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P20GM103436"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biology"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Neuregulin-1\u03b2 (NRG-1\u03b2) is a growth and differentiation factor with pleiotropic systemic effects. Because NRG-1\u03b2 has therapeutic potential for heart failure and has known growth effects in skeletal muscle, we hypothesized that it might affect heart failure-associated cachexia, a severe co-morbidity characterized by a loss of muscle mass. We therefore assessed NRG-1\u03b2\u2019s effect on intercostal skeletal muscle gene expression in a swine model of heart failure using recombinant glial growth factor 2 (USAN-cimaglermin alfa), a version of NRG-1\u03b2 that has been tested in humans with systolic heart failure. Animals received one of two intravenous doses (0.67 or 2 mg\/kg) of NRG-1\u03b2 bi-weekly for 4 weeks, beginning one week after infarct. Based on paired-end RNA sequencing, NRG-1\u03b2 treatment altered the intercostal muscle gene expression of 581 transcripts, including genes required for myofiber growth, maintenance and survival, such as MYH3, MYHC, MYL6B, KY and HES1. Importantly, NRG-1\u03b2 altered the directionality of at least 85 genes associated with cachexia, including myostatin, which negatively regulates myoblast differentiation by down-regulating MyoD expression. Consistent with this, MyoD was increased in NRG-1\u03b2-treated animals. In vitro experiments with myoblast cell lines confirmed that NRG-1\u03b2 induces ERBB-dependent differentiation. These findings suggest a NRG-1\u03b2-mediated anti-atrophic, anti-cachexia effect that may provide additional benefits to this potential therapy in heart failure.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/biology11050682","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,29]],"date-time":"2022-04-29T16:49:57Z","timestamp":1651250997000},"page":"682","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Neuregulin (NRG-1\u03b2) Is Pro-Myogenic and Anti-Cachectic in Respiratory Muscles of Post-Myocardial Infarcted Swine"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9002-4572","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cristi L.","family":"Galindo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, Ogden College of Science & Engineering, Western Kentucky University, Bowling Green, KY 42101, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Van Thuan","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, Ogden College of Science & Engineering, Western Kentucky University, Bowling Green, KY 42101, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Braxton","family":"Hill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, Ogden College of Science & Engineering, Western Kentucky University, Bowling Green, KY 42101, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ethan","family":"Easterday","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, Ogden College of Science & Engineering, Western Kentucky University, Bowling Green, KY 42101, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John H.","family":"Cleator","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centennial Heart at Skyline, 3443 Dickerson Pike, Suite 430, Nashville, TN 37207, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Douglas B.","family":"Sawyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiac Services, Maine Medical Center, Scarborough, ME 04074, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"965631","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/965631","article-title":"Understanding the Process of Fibrosis in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy","volume":"2014","author":"Kharraz","year":"2014","journal-title":"BioMed Res. Int."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00061.2017","article-title":"Sarcopenia: Aging-Related Loss of Muscle Mass and Function","volume":"99","author":"Larsson","year":"2019","journal-title":"Physiol. Rev."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1007\/s11556-012-0102-8","article-title":"Muscle weakness in the elderly: Role of sarcopenia, dynapenia, and possibilities for rehabilitation","volume":"9","author":"Seene","year":"2012","journal-title":"Eur. Rev. Aging Phys. Act."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2272","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-81736-0","article-title":"Systemic oxidative stress is associated with lower aerobic capacity and impaired skeletal muscle energy metabolism in heart failure patients","volume":"11","author":"Yokota","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"623","DOI":"10.1007\/s10741-012-9353-8","article-title":"Metabolic and structural impairment of skeletal muscle in heart failure","volume":"18","author":"Zizola","year":"2013","journal-title":"Heart Fail. Rev."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2019.00129","article-title":"Skeletal Muscle Fatigability in Heart Failure","volume":"10","author":"Larson","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1536\/ihj.15-108","article-title":"Skeletal Muscle Abnormalities in Heart Failure","volume":"56","author":"Kinugawa","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. Heart J."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9149(83)80032-0","article-title":"Failure of dobutamine to increase exercise capacity despite hemodynamic improvement in severe chronic heart failure","volume":"51","author":"Maskin","year":"1983","journal-title":"Am. J. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1338","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.80.5.1338","article-title":"Contribution of intrinsic skeletal muscle changes to 31P NMR skeletal muscle metabolic abnormalities in patients with chronic heart failure","volume":"80","author":"Mancini","year":"1989","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1825","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.12.12.1825","article-title":"The ErbB2 and ErbB3 receptors and their ligand, neuregulin-1, are essential for development of the sympathetic nervous system","volume":"12","author":"Britsch","year":"1998","journal-title":"Genes Dev."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6124","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.15-09-06124.1995","article-title":"ARIA is concentrated in nerve terminals at neuromuscular junctions and at other synapses","volume":"15","author":"Sandrock","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12699","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.271.22.12699","article-title":"Stimulation of myogenic differentiation by a neuregulin, glial growth factor 2. Are neuregulins the long-sought muscle trophic factors secreted by nerves?","volume":"271","author":"Florini","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15395","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.274.22.15395","article-title":"Neuregulin stimulates myogenic differentiation in an autocrine manner","volume":"274","author":"Kim","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-291X(03)00964-1","article-title":"Differentiation-dependent regulation of skeletal myogenesis by neuregulin-1","volume":"306","author":"Ford","year":"2003","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1038\/373158a0","article-title":"Neuregulins are concentrated at nerve-muscle synapses and activate ACh\u2013receptor gene expression","volume":"373","author":"Jo","year":"1995","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1016\/j.devcel.2011.06.019","article-title":"Neural crest cell lineage restricts skeletal muscle progenitor cell differentiation through Neuregulin1-ErbB3 signaling","volume":"21","author":"Hayashi","year":"2011","journal-title":"Dev. Cell"},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e000773","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.113.000773","article-title":"Anti-remodeling and anti-fibrotic effects of the neuregulin-1beta glial growth factor 2 in a large animal model of heart failure","volume":"3","author":"Galindo","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Am. Heart Assoc."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1016\/j.taap.2017.08.001","article-title":"Species-specific effects of neuregulin-1beta (cimaglermin alfa) on glucose handling in animal models and humans with heart failure","volume":"332","author":"Huang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2016.12.024","article-title":"Effects of neuregulin GGF2 (cimaglermin alfa) dose and treatment frequency on left ventricular function in rats following myocardial infarction","volume":"796","author":"Parry","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E1081","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.00169.2013","article-title":"6-Mercaptopurine augments glucose transport activity in skeletal muscle cells in part via a mechanism dependent upon orphan nuclear receptor NR4A3","volume":"305","author":"Liu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol.-Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5217","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2006-0447","article-title":"The orphan nuclear receptor, NOR-1, is a target of beta-adrenergic signaling in skeletal muscle","volume":"147","author":"Pearen","year":"2006","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2020.03.019","article-title":"Elevated c-fos expression is correlated with phenotypic switching of human vascular smooth muscle cells derived from lower limb venous varicosities","volume":"9","author":"Guo","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Vasc. Surg. Venous Lymphat. Disord."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1038\/363079a0","article-title":"Repression of c-fos promoter by MyoD on muscle cell differentiation","volume":"363","author":"Trouche","year":"1993","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2019.03.030","article-title":"miR-155-5p inhibits the viability of vascular smooth muscle cell via targeting FOS and ZIC3 to promote aneurysm formation","volume":"853","author":"Zhao","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"616","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2006.05.032","article-title":"Hemodialysis Modulates Gene Expression Profile in Skeletal Muscle","volume":"48","author":"Shah","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am. J. Kidney Dis."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tamboli, R.A., Hajri, T., Jiang, A., Marks-Shulman, P.A., Williams, D.B., Clements, R.H., Melvin, W., Bowen, B.P., Shyr, Y., and Abumrad, N.N. (2011). Reduction in inflammatory gene expression in skeletal muscle from Roux-en-Y gastric bypass patients randomized to omentectomy. PLoS ONE, 6.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0028577"},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1016\/S0014-5793(99)00954-0","article-title":"Identification of a novel gene of the X,K-ATPase beta-subunit family that is predominantly expressed in skeletal and heart muscles","volume":"456","author":"Pestov","year":"1999","journal-title":"FEBS Lett."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"543","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2011.07.112","article-title":"Isolation and characterization of BetaM protein encoded by ATP1B4\u2014A unique member of the Na,K-ATPase \u03b2-subunit gene family","volume":"412","author":"Pestov","year":"2011","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1007\/s10735-010-9275-5","article-title":"Tissue distribution of the laminin \u03b21 and \u03b22 chain during embryonic and fetal human development","volume":"41","author":"Roediger","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Mol. Histol."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"468","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajhg.2013.02.005","article-title":"Mutations in LAMB1 cause cobblestone brain malformation without muscular or ocular abnormalities","volume":"92","author":"Radmanesh","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am. J. Hum. Genet."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2382","DOI":"10.1111\/febs.12235","article-title":"Lumican is increased in experimental and clinical heart failure, and its production by cardiac fibroblasts is induced by mechanical and proinflammatory stimuli","volume":"280","author":"Engebretsen","year":"2013","journal-title":"FEBS J."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9206","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-45651-9","article-title":"The extracellular matrix proteoglycan lumican improves survival and counteracts cardiac dilatation and failure in mice subjected to pressure overload","volume":"9","author":"Mohammadzadeh","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119824","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2020.119824","article-title":"Lack of Thy1 defines a pathogenic fraction of cardiac fibroblasts in heart failure","volume":"236","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e001260","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.114.001260","article-title":"Relative roles of CD90 and c-kit to the regenerative efficacy of cardiosphere-derived cells in humans and in a mouse model of myocardial infarction","volume":"3","author":"Cheng","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Am. Heart Assoc."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1747.2003.12073.x","article-title":"Extracellular matrix protein 1 gene (ECM1) mutations in lipoid proteinosis and genotype-phenotype correlation","volume":"120","author":"Hamada","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Investig. Dermatol."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hardy, S.A., Mabotuwana, N.S., Murtha, L.A., Coulter, B., Sanchez-Bezanilla, S., Al-Omary, M.S., Senanayake, T., Loering, S., Starkey, M., and Lee, R.J. (2019). Novel role of extracellular matrix protein 1 (ECM1) in cardiac aging and myocardial infarction. PLoS ONE, 14.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0212230"},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Uitte de Willige, S., Keane, F.M., Bowen, D.G., Malfliet, J., Zhang, H.E., Maneck, B., McCaughan, G.W., Leebeek, F.W.G., Rijken, D.C., and Gorrell, M.D. (2017). Circulating fibroblast activation protein activity and antigen levels correlate strongly when measured in liver disease and coronary heart disease. PLoS ONE, 12.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0178987"},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Li, M., Cheng, X., Rong, R., Gao, Y., Tang, X., and Chen, Y. (2020). High expression of fibroblast activation protein (FAP) predicts poor outcome in high-grade serous ovarian cancer. BMC Cancer, 20.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12885-020-07541-6"},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10337","DOI":"10.18632\/aging.103261","article-title":"Altered expression of fibroblast activation protein-\u03b1 (FAP) in colorectal adenoma-carcinoma sequence and in lymph node and liver metastases","volume":"12","author":"Beitia","year":"2020","journal-title":"Aging"},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kim, T., Ahmad, K., Shaikh, S., Jan, A.T., Seo, M.-G., Lee, E.J., and Choi, I. (2019). Dermatopontin in Skeletal Muscle Extracellular Matrix Regulates Myogenesis. Cells, 8.","DOI":"10.3390\/cells8040332"},{"key":"ref_41","first-page":"262","article-title":"\u03b1-smooth muscle actin, fibrillin-1, apoptosis and proliferation detection in primary varicose lower limb veins of women","volume":"30","author":"Bastos","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int. Angiol."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chen, L., Ge, Q., Black, J.L., Deng, L., Burgess, J.K., and Oliver, B.G. (2013). Differential regulation of extracellular matrix and soluble fibulin-1 levels by TGF-\u03b2\u2081 in airway smooth muscle cells. PLoS ONE, 8.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0065544"},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1795","DOI":"10.1136\/heartjnl-2016-310631","article-title":"Relationship between fibrillin-1 genotype and severity of cardiovascular involvement in Marfan syndrome","volume":"103","author":"Franken","year":"2017","journal-title":"Heart"},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"837","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.a.61095","article-title":"NID1 variant associated with occipital cephaloceles in a family expressing a spectrum of phenotypes","volume":"179","author":"McNiven","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am. J. Med. Genet. Part A"},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1006\/geno.1995.1038","article-title":"Genomic sequences and structural organization of the human nidogen gene (NID)","volume":"27","author":"Zimmermann","year":"1995","journal-title":"Genomics"},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"585","DOI":"10.1002\/prca.201500099","article-title":"Differential protein expression and basal lamina remodeling in human heart failure","volume":"10","author":"Kim","year":"2016","journal-title":"Proteom. Clin. Appl."},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"633","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00904.2018","article-title":"Noncoding RNAs regulating cardiac muscle mass","volume":"127","author":"Wadley","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Appl. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"661","DOI":"10.3892\/mmr.2020.11164","article-title":"miR-29 mediates exercise-induced skeletal muscle angiogenesis by targeting VEGFA, COL4A1 and COL4A2 via the PI3K\/Akt signaling pathway","volume":"22","author":"Chen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mol. Med. Rep."},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"847","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajhg.2019.03.007","article-title":"COL4A1 Mutations Cause Neuromuscular Disease with Tissue-Specific Mechanistic Heterogeneity","volume":"104","author":"Schuitema","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am. J. Hum. Genet."},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1315","DOI":"10.1038\/ejhg.2010.105","article-title":"Hemizygous deletion of COL3A1, COL5A2, and MSTN causes a complex phenotype with aortic dissection: A lesson for and from true haploinsufficiency","volume":"18","author":"Meienberg","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur. J. Hum. Genet."},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"659","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2018.00659","article-title":"The Role of COL5A2 in Patients with Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer: A Bioinformatics Analysis of Public Datasets Involving 787 Subjects and 29 Cell Lines","volume":"8","author":"Meng","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6219","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.175.9.6219","article-title":"Increased susceptibility to complement attack due to down-regulation of decay-accelerating factor\/CD55 in dysferlin-deficient muscular dystrophy","volume":"175","author":"Wenzel","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gene.2019.05.003","article-title":"Type III collagen (COL3A1): Gene and protein structure, tissue distribution, and associated diseases","volume":"707","author":"Kuivaniemi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Gene"},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M808126200","article-title":"Rnd1 regulates axon extension by enhancing the microtubule destabilizing activity of SCG10","volume":"284","author":"Li","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.4149\/av_2017_407","article-title":"Relationship between PPP1R15A gene polymorphism (rs611251) and Epstein-Barr virus-associated tumors","volume":"61","author":"Song","year":"2017","journal-title":"Acta Virol."},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"332","DOI":"10.1111\/febs.13134","article-title":"Heat-induced expression of the immediate-early gene IER5 and its involvement in the proliferation of heat-shocked cells","volume":"282","author":"Ishikawa","year":"2015","journal-title":"FEBS J."},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1186\/1742-4690-9-13","article-title":"Spt6 levels are modulated by PAAF1 and proteasome to regulate the HIV-1 LTR","volume":"9","author":"Nakamura","year":"2012","journal-title":"Retrovirology"},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2683","DOI":"10.3892\/mmr.2016.4877","article-title":"Downregulation of let-7b promotes COL1A1 and COL1A2 expression in dermis and skin fibroblasts during heat wound repair","volume":"13","author":"Liu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Mol. Med. Rep."},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1293","DOI":"10.1515\/BC.2009.140","article-title":"EFEMP1 binds the EGF receptor and activates MAPK and Akt pathways in pancreatic carcinoma cells","volume":"390","author":"Camaj","year":"2009","journal-title":"Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1491","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2015.04.116","article-title":"PRPS2 Expression Correlates with Sertoli-Cell Only Syndrome and Inhibits the Apoptosis of TM4 Sertoli Cells","volume":"194","author":"Lei","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Urol."},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2279","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jproteome.9b00119","article-title":"Targeted Quantitative Kinome Analysis Identifies PRPS2 as a Promoter for Colorectal Cancer Metastasis","volume":"18","author":"Miao","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Proteome Res."},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"H682","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.00617.2019","article-title":"MitoQ regulates redox-related noncoding RNAs to preserve mitochondrial network integrity in pressure-overload heart failure","volume":"318","author":"Kim","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.14348\/molcells.2014.2344","article-title":"Postmortem mRNA expression patterns in left ventricular myocardial tissues and their implications for forensic diagnosis of sudden cardiac death","volume":"37","author":"Son","year":"2014","journal-title":"Mol. Cells"},{"key":"ref_64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101102","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2020.101102","article-title":"GLP-1 receptor agonists in the treatment of type 2 diabetes\u2013state-of-the-art","volume":"46","author":"Nauck","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mol. Metab."},{"key":"ref_65","first-page":"3575038","article-title":"ARMCX Family Gene Expression Analysis and Potential Prognostic Biomarkers for Prediction of Clinical Outcome in Patients with Gastric Carcinoma","volume":"2020","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"BioMed Res. Int."},{"key":"ref_66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"256","DOI":"10.1152\/physiolgenomics.00165.2004","article-title":"Cardiac gene expression profile in rats with terminal heart failure and cachexia","volume":"20","author":"Wellner","year":"2005","journal-title":"Physiol. Genom."},{"key":"ref_67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21909","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M114.561845","article-title":"Involvement of microRNAs in the regulation of muscle wasting during catabolic conditions","volume":"289","author":"Soares","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2322","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2014.04.013","article-title":"Abnormal splicing of NEDD4 in myotonic dystrophy type 2: Possible link to statin adverse reactions","volume":"184","author":"Screen","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am. J. Pathol."},{"key":"ref_69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/ddt393","article-title":"Elevated FGF21 secretion, PGC-1alpha and ketogenic enzyme expression are hallmarks of iron-sulfur cluster depletion in human skeletal muscle","volume":"23","author":"Crooks","year":"2014","journal-title":"Hum. Mol. Genet."},{"key":"ref_70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ymgme.2012.05.004","article-title":"Transcriptional response to GAA deficiency (Pompe disease) in infantile-onset patients","volume":"106","author":"Palermo","year":"2012","journal-title":"Mol. Genet. Metab."},{"key":"ref_71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2817","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-11-2133","article-title":"Suppression of skeletal muscle turnover in cancer cachexia: Evidence from the transcriptome in sequential human muscle biopsies","volume":"18","author":"Gallagher","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin. Cancer Res. Off. J. Am. Assoc. Cancer Res."},{"key":"ref_72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Screen, M., Raheem, O., Holmlund-Hampf, J., Jonson, P.H., Huovinen, S., Hackman, P., and Udd, B. (2014). Gene expression profiling in tibial muscular dystrophy reveals unfolded protein response and altered autophagy. PLoS ONE, 9.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0090819"},{"key":"ref_73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1625","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00435.2011","article-title":"Transcriptome signature of resistance exercise adaptations: Mixed muscle and fiber type specific profiles in young and old adults","volume":"112","author":"Raue","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Appl. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2933","DOI":"10.2337\/db08-0349","article-title":"Endurance exercise as a countermeasure for aging","volume":"57","author":"Lanza","year":"2008","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"ref_75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1136","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00180.2006","article-title":"Analysis of human skeletal muscle after 48 h immobilization reveals alterations in mRNA and protein for extracellular matrix components","volume":"101","author":"Urso","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Appl. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1404","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00444.2010","article-title":"Forty-eight hours of unloading and 24 h of reloading lead to changes in global gene expression patterns related to ubiquitination and oxidative stress in humans","volume":"109","author":"Reich","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Appl. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1485","DOI":"10.1113\/expphysiol.2013.072710","article-title":"Upregulation of skeletal muscle inflammatory genes links inflammation with insulin resistance in women with the metabolic syndrome","volume":"98","author":"Poelkens","year":"2013","journal-title":"Exp. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2349","DOI":"10.2337\/db07-0275","article-title":"Reduced expression of nuclear-encoded genes involved in mitochondrial oxidative metabolism in skeletal muscle of insulin-resistant women with polycystic ovary syndrome","volume":"56","author":"Skov","year":"2007","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"ref_79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Skov, V., Glintborg, D., Knudsen, S., Tan, Q., Jensen, T., Kruse, T.A., Beck-Nielsen, H., and Hojlund, K. (2008). Pioglitazone enhances mitochondrial biogenesis and ribosomal protein biosynthesis in skeletal muscle in polycystic ovary syndrome. PLoS ONE, 3.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0002466"},{"key":"ref_80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"918","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI41940","article-title":"Increased SRF transcriptional activity in human and mouse skeletal muscle is a signature of insulin resistance","volume":"121","author":"Jin","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Clin. Investig."},{"key":"ref_81","first-page":"18257","article-title":"A novel role of neuregulin in skeletal muscle. Neuregulin stimulates glucose uptake, glucose transporter translocation, and transporter expression in muscle cells","volume":"276","author":"Suarez","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mathes, S., Fahrner, A., Ghoshdastider, U., Rudiger, H.A., Leunig, M., Wolfrum, C., and Krutzfeldt, J. (2021). FGF-2-dependent signaling activated in aged human skeletal muscle promotes intramuscular adipogenesis. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 118.","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2021013118"},{"key":"ref_83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1690421","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/1690421","article-title":"Circulating Levels of IL-13, TGF-beta1, and Periostin as Potential Biomarker for Coronary Artery Disease with Acute Heart Failure","volume":"2021","author":"Qiu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Evid.-Based Complement. Altern. Med."},{"key":"ref_84","first-page":"1150","article-title":"Recent advances on the role of long non-coding RNA H19 in regulating mammalian muscle growth and development","volume":"39","author":"Qin","year":"2017","journal-title":"Yi chuan = Hereditas"},{"key":"ref_85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e668","DOI":"10.1038\/cddis.2013.184","article-title":"miR-29 targets Akt3 to reduce proliferation and facilitate differentiation of myoblasts in skeletal muscle development","volume":"4","author":"Wei","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cell Death Dis."},{"key":"ref_86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3335","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.08-128579","article-title":"Common micro-RNA signature in skeletal muscle damage and regeneration induced by Duchenne muscular dystrophy and acute ischemia","volume":"23","author":"Greco","year":"2009","journal-title":"FASEB J."},{"key":"ref_87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"675993","DOI":"10.3389\/fmolb.2021.675993","article-title":"Putative MicroRNA-mRNA Networks Upon Mdfi Overexpression in C2C12 Cell Differentiation and Muscle Fiber Type Transformation","volume":"8","author":"Huang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Mol. Biosci."},{"key":"ref_88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.5334\/gh.943","article-title":"Circulating MicroRNAs as Biomarkers of Accelerated Sarcopenia in Chronic Heart Failure","volume":"16","author":"Qaisar","year":"2021","journal-title":"Glob. Heart"},{"key":"ref_89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2020.00180","article-title":"MicroRNAs in Sarcopenia: A Systematic Review","volume":"7","author":"Yanai","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Med."},{"key":"ref_90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115637","DOI":"10.1016\/j.taap.2021.115637","article-title":"MicroRNA-30c-5p protects against myocardial ischemia\/reperfusion injury via regulation of Bach1\/Nrf2","volume":"426","author":"Sun","year":"2021","journal-title":"Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_91","first-page":"2198","article-title":"miR-30c-5p acts as a therapeutic target for ameliorating myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury","volume":"13","author":"Meng","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am. J. Transl. Res."}],"container-title":["Biology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2079-7737\/11\/5\/682\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T23:04:00Z","timestamp":1760137440000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2079-7737\/11\/5\/682"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,29]]},"references-count":91,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5]]}},"alternative-id":["biology11050682"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/biology11050682","relation":{},"ISSN":["2079-7737"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2079-7737","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,29]]}}}