{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,27]],"date-time":"2026-01-27T08:52:49Z","timestamp":1769503969661,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,18]],"date-time":"2022-05-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1652832000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Natural Science Foundation of Gansu Province","award":["No. 21JR7RA027"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No. 21JR7RA027"]}]},{"name":"Natural Science Foundation of Gansu Province","award":["RMB 300,000"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RMB 300,000"]}]},{"name":"Natural Science Foundation of Gansu Province","award":["32172878"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32172878"]}]},{"name":"Natural Science Foundation of Gansu Province","award":["RMB 600,000"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RMB 600,000"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["No. 21JR7RA027"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No. 21JR7RA027"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RMB 300,000"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RMB 300,000"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["32172878"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32172878"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RMB 600,000"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RMB 600,000"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biology"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Blastocystis is a common human intestinal protozoan parasite. Little is known about its prevalence in echinococcosis. This study tested whether Echinococcus multilocularis infection would increase host susceptibility to Blastocystis. A total of 114 fecal samples (68 hydatid disease patients and 46 healthy people) were collected from Tibetans in the Qinghai province in China. The presence of Blastocystis was identified by sequencing of the small subunit (SSU) rRNA gene. Balb\/c mice were co-infected with Blastocystis and E. multilocularis and tested for host susceptibility to Blastocystis. The overall Blastocystis prevalence was 12.3%; 16.2% in the patients and 4.4% in healthy people (p &lt; 0.05). Sequence analysis identified three known Blastocystis genotypes, including ST1, ST2, and ST3, and one unknown genotype. Experimental dual infection significantly reduced mouse survival rate (20%), induced more severe signs, and increased intestinal damages with a higher intestinal colonization level of Blastocystis. The mouse model showed that E. multilocularis infection increases host susceptibility to Blastocystis. Our study shows a significantly higher prevalence of Blastocystis in patients with liver echinococcosis and reveals that non-intestinal E. multilocularis infection increases host susceptibility to the Blastocystis. Our results highlight that E. multilocularis infection is associated with Blastocystis. These findings remind us that more attention should be paid to the gut health of the patients with a helminth infection during clinical patient care.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/biology11050773","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,18]],"date-time":"2022-05-18T11:59:37Z","timestamp":1652875177000},"page":"773","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Echinococcosis Is Associated with the Increased Prevalence of Intestinal Blastocystis Infection in Tibetans and Host Susceptibility to the Blastocystis in Mice"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1052-5014","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yang","family":"Zou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730046, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yu-Gui","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730046, China"},{"name":"Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhong-Li","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730046, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ai-Jiang","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730046, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiao-Lu","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730046, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhi-Qi","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730046, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2530-4628","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xing-Quan","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiu-Min","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Qinghai Clinical Research Institute of Hydatid Disease, Qinghai Provincial People\u2019s Hospital, Xining 810007, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shuai","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730046, China"},{"name":"Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 210009, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pt.2019.12.009","article-title":"Pre-Empting Pandora\u2019s Box: Blastocystis Subtypes Revisited","volume":"36","author":"Stensvold","year":"2020","journal-title":"Trends Parasitol."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Maloney, J.G., and Santin, M. 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