{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T20:55:59Z","timestamp":1792788959332,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":72,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,9]],"date-time":"2022-06-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1654732800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"the Medical Practice Plan (MPP)","award":["MPP-WAK-18"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MPP-WAK-18"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biology"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Previous studies have suggested a link between urinary tract infections (UTIs) and cognitive impairment. One possible contributing factor for UTI-induced cognitive changes that has not yet been investigated is a potential alteration in hippocampal neurogenesis. In this study, we aim to investigate the effect of UTI on brain plasticity by specifically examining alterations in neurogenesis. Adult male Sprague Dawley rats received an intra-urethral injection of an Escherichia coli (E. coli) clinical isolate (108 CFU\/mL). We found that rats with a UTI (CFU\/mL \u2265 105) had reduced proliferation of neural stem cells (NSCs) at an early time point post infection (day 4) and neurogenesis at a later time point (day 34). This was associated with the decreased expression in mRNA of BDNF, NGF, and FGF2, and elevated expression of IL-1\u03b2 in the hippocampus at 6 h post infection, but with no changes in optical intensity of the microglia and astrocytes. In addition, infected rats spent less time exploring a novel arm in the Y-maze test. Treatment with an anti-inflammatory drug did not revert the effect on NSCs, while treatment with antibiotics further decreased the basal level of their proliferation. This study presents novel findings on the impact of urinary tract infections on hippocampal neurogenesis that could be correlated with cognitive impairment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/biology11060891","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,9]],"date-time":"2022-06-09T10:49:14Z","timestamp":1654771754000},"page":"891","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Urinary Tract Infections Impair Adult Hippocampal Neurogenesis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Batoul","family":"Darwish","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut P.O. Box 11-0236, Lebanon"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3559-457X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Farah","family":"Chamaa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut P.O. Box 11-0236, Lebanon"},{"name":"Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4451-8533","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bassel","family":"Awada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental Pathology, Immunology and Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut P.O. Box 11-0236, Lebanon"},{"name":"Center for Infectious Diseases Research, American University of Beirut, Beirut P.O. Box 11-0236, Lebanon"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nada","family":"Lawand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut P.O. Box 11-0236, Lebanon"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut P.O. Box 11-0236, Lebanon"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nayef E.","family":"Saad\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut P.O. Box 11-0236, Lebanon"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7516-7919","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Antoine G.","family":"Abou Fayad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental Pathology, Immunology and Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut P.O. Box 11-0236, Lebanon"},{"name":"Center for Infectious Diseases Research, American University of Beirut, Beirut P.O. Box 11-0236, Lebanon"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9719-9324","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wassim","family":"Abou-Kheir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut P.O. 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