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In this study we compare the circadian rhythms and sleep patterns in the high-frequency head impact (HFHI) and controlled cortical impact (CCI) mouse models of TBI. These mouse models have different injury mechanisms key differences of pathology in brain regions controlling circadian rhythms and EEG wave generation. We found that both HFHI and CCI caused dysregulation in the diurnal expression of core circadian genes (Bmal1, Clock, Per1,2, Cry1,2) at 24 h post-TBI. CCI mice had reduced locomotor activity on running wheels in the first 7 d post-TBI; however, both CCI and HFHI mice were able to maintain circadian behavior cycles even in the absence of light cues. We used implantable EEG to measure sleep cycles and brain activity and found that there were no differences in the time spent awake, in NREM or REM sleep in either TBI model. However, in the sleep states, CCI mice have reduced delta power in NREM sleep and reduced theta power in REM sleep at 7 d post-TBI. Our data reveal that different types of brain trauma can result in distinct patterns of circadian and sleep disruptions and can be used to better understand the etiology of sleep disorders after TBI.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/biology11071031","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,8]],"date-time":"2022-07-08T11:37:08Z","timestamp":1657280228000},"page":"1031","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["The Effect of Traumatic Brain Injury on Sleep Architecture and Circadian Rhythms in Mice\u2014A Comparison of High-Frequency Head Impact and Controlled Cortical Injury"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Holly T.","family":"Korthas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Interdisciplinary Program in Neuroscience, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20057, USA"},{"name":"Department of Neuroscience, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20057, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bevan S.","family":"Main","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroscience, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20057, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alex C.","family":"Harvey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroscience, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20057, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2271-7179","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ruchelle G.","family":"Buenaventura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroscience, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20057, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Evan","family":"Wicker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20057, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Patrick A.","family":"Forcelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Interdisciplinary Program in Neuroscience, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20057, USA"},{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20057, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4750-2000","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mark P.","family":"Burns","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Interdisciplinary Program in Neuroscience, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20057, USA"},{"name":"Department of Neuroscience, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20057, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.ss6609a1","article-title":"Traumatic Brain Injury-Related Emergency Department Visits, Hospitalizations, and Deaths\u2014United States, 2007 and 2013","volume":"66","author":"Taylor","year":"2017","journal-title":"MMWR Surveill Summ."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"898","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2012.04.006","article-title":"Prevalence of sleep disturbances, disorders, and problems following traumatic brain injury: A meta-analysis","volume":"13","author":"Mathias","year":"2012","journal-title":"Sleep Med."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.5664\/jcsm.5598","article-title":"Sleep Disturbances in Traumatic Brain Injury: A Meta-Analysis","volume":"12","author":"Grima","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. 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