{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,8]],"date-time":"2025-12-08T22:36:58Z","timestamp":1765233418521,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":72,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,23]],"date-time":"2022-09-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1663891200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"European Union","award":["POIS.02.04.00-00-0034\/18"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["POIS.02.04.00-00-0034\/18"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biology"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Aldrovanda vesiculosa is a rare and critically endangered carnivorous plant species. Its populations have declined worldwide, so there is a need to protect the species from extinction. The research was conducted to establish an effective method of in vitro propagation of the species in order to obtain plants for reintroduction in the wild. The procedures included disinfection, multiplication, and acclimatization of plants. Contamination-free in vitro cultures were established using shoots and turions, which were disinfected with 0.25% sodium hypochlorite. The shoots were first defoliated. The explants regenerated better in liquid 1\/5 MS medium than in solidified one. The optimum medium for the multiplication phase contained MS macro- and microelements diluted to 1\/10. Plants cultivated in that medium were of good quality, long, and branched. The advantageous effect of medium was also confirmed by the content of photosynthetic pigments in the plant material. The content of chlorophyll a was highest in plants cultivated in 1\/5 or 1\/10 MS medium. The plants obtained were acclimatized to ex vitro conditions and reintroduced in the wild.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/biology11101389","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,25]],"date-time":"2022-09-25T21:14:28Z","timestamp":1664140468000},"page":"1389","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Optimization of Propagation of the Polish Strain of Aldrovanda vesiculosa in Tissue Culture"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4835-3804","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marzena","family":"Parzymies","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Horticultural Production, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 20-950 Lublin, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2584-2186","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Magdalena","family":"Pogorzelec","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hydrobiology and Protection of Ecosystems, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 20-950 Lublin, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alicja","family":"\u015awistowska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Horticultural Production, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 20-950 Lublin, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ppees.2018.10.001","article-title":"Biological flora of Central Europe: Aldrovanda vesiculosa L.","volume":"35","author":"Adamec","year":"2018","journal-title":"Perspect. 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