{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]],"date-time":"2026-08-04T00:09:45Z","timestamp":1785802185347,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,14]],"date-time":"2023-02-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1676332800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biology"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Patients with sleep-disordered breathing show a combination of different respiratory events (central, obstructive, mixed), with one type being predominant. We observed a reduced prevalence of central apneic events (CAEs) during REM sleep compared to NREM sleep in patients with predominant obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). The aim of this retrospective, exploratory study was to describe this finding and to suggest pathophysiological explanations. The polysomnography (PSG) data of 141 OSA patients were assessed for the prevalence of CAEs during REM and NREM sleep. On the basis of the apnea\u2013hypopnea index (AHI), patients were divided into three OSA severity groups (mild: AHI &lt; 15\/h; moderate: AHI = 15\u201330\/h; severe: AHI &gt; 30\/h). We compared the frequency of CAEs adjusted for the relative length of REM and NREM sleep time, and a significantly increased frequency of CAEs in NREM was found only in severely affected OSA patients. Given that the emergence of CAEs is strongly associated with the chemosensitivity of the brainstem nuclei regulating breathing mechanics in humans, a sleep-stage-dependent chemosensitivity is proposed. REM-sleep-associated neuronal circuits in humans may act protectively against the emergence of CAEs, possibly by reducing chemosensitivity. On the contrary, a significant increase in the chemosensitivity of the brainstem nuclei during NREM sleep is suggested.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/biology12020298","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,14]],"date-time":"2023-02-14T02:16:01Z","timestamp":1676340961000},"page":"298","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Central Apneic Event Prevalence in REM and NREM Sleep in OSA Patients: A Retrospective, Exploratory Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6462-3763","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katharina","family":"Ludwig","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Sleep Medicine Center, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sebastian","family":"Malatantis-Ewert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sleep Medicine Center, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0654-3551","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tilman","family":"Huppertz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sleep Medicine Center, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7428-127X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katharina","family":"Bahr-Hamm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sleep Medicine Center, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2356-7494","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christopher","family":"Seifen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sleep Medicine Center, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Johannes","family":"Pordzik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sleep Medicine Center, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christoph","family":"Matthias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sleep Medicine Center, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7996-4034","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Perikles","family":"Simon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sport Medicine, Rehabilitation and Disease Prevention, Faculty of Social Science, Media and Sport, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7299-7346","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Haralampos","family":"Gouveris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sleep Medicine Center, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1513\/pats.200709-155MG","article-title":"The epidemiology of adult obstructive sleep apnea","volume":"5","author":"Punjabi","year":"2008","journal-title":"Proc. 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