{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,28]],"date-time":"2026-10-28T22:37:38Z","timestamp":1793227058079,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":184,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,15]],"date-time":"2023-06-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1686787200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Natural Sciences Foundation of China","award":["82070613"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82070613"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biology"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Lipid metabolism, cell death, and autophagy are interconnected processes in cells. Dysregulation of lipid metabolism can lead to cell death, such as via ferroptosis and apoptosis, while lipids also play a crucial role in the regulation of autophagosome formation. An increased autophagic response not only promotes cell survival but also causes cell death depending on the context, especially when selectively degrading antioxidant proteins or organelles that promote ferroptosis. ACSL4 is an enzyme that catalyzes the formation of long-chain acyl-CoA molecules, which are important intermediates in the biosynthesis of various types of lipids. ACSL4 is found in many tissues and is particularly abundant in the brain, liver, and adipose tissue. Dysregulation of ACSL4 is linked to a variety of diseases, including cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, cardiovascular disease, acute kidney injury, and metabolic disorders (such as obesity and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease). In this review, we introduce the structure, function, and regulation of ACSL4; discuss its role in apoptosis, ferroptosis, and autophagy; summarize its pathological function; and explore the potential implications of targeting ACSL4 in the treatment of various diseases.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/biology12060864","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,15]],"date-time":"2023-06-15T02:28:56Z","timestamp":1686796136000},"page":"864","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":57,"title":["The ACSL4 Network Regulates Cell Death and Autophagy in Diseases"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Fangquan","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"DAMP Laboratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China"},{"name":"Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rui","family":"Kang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiao","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"DAMP Laboratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China"},{"name":"Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1903-6180","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daolin","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1016\/S1360-1385(03)00135-3","article-title":"Reactive oxygen species and hormonal control of cell death","volume":"8","author":"Overmyer","year":"2003","journal-title":"Trends Plant Sci."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1996","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-11-2291","article-title":"p53\/HMGB1 complexes regulate autophagy and apoptosis","volume":"72","author":"Livesey","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"727","DOI":"10.1038\/embor.2011.79","article-title":"UV irradiation resistance-associated gene suppresses apoptosis by interfering with BAX activation","volume":"12","author":"Yin","year":"2011","journal-title":"EMBO Rep."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1060","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2012.03.042","article-title":"Ferroptosis: An iron-dependent form of nonapoptotic cell death","volume":"149","author":"Dixon","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"280","DOI":"10.1038\/s41571-020-00462-0","article-title":"Broadening horizons: The role of ferroptosis in cancer","volume":"18","author":"Chen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. 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