{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T04:53:55Z","timestamp":1785387235033,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,27]],"date-time":"2023-10-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1698364800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"CNRS"},{"name":"University of Bordeaux"},{"name":"R\u00e9gion Nouvelle Aquitaine"},{"name":"French National Center for Scientific Research (CNRS, Mission Interdisciplinaire, MiTi 80\u2032Prime)"},{"name":"French National Research Agency (ANR-10-INBS-04)"},{"name":"NIH Office of Research Infrastructure Programs (P40 OD010440)"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biology"],"abstract":"<jats:p>We describe a methodology to manipulate Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) and irradiate the stem progenitor gonad region using three MeV protons at a specific developmental stage (L1). The consequences of the targeted irradiation were first investigated by considering the organogenesis of the vulva and gonad, two well-defined and characterized developmental systems in C. elegans. In addition, we adapted high-throughput analysis protocols, using cell-sorting assays (COPAS) and whole transcriptome analysis, to the limited number of worms (&gt;300) imposed by the selective irradiation approach. Here, the presented status report validated protocols to (i) deliver a controlled dose in specific regions of the worms; (ii) immobilize synchronized worm populations (&gt;300); (iii) specifically target dedicated cells; (iv) study the radiation-induced developmental alterations and gene induction involved in cellular stress (heat shock protein) and cuticle injury responses that were found.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/biology12111372","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,27]],"date-time":"2023-10-27T03:33:51Z","timestamp":1698377631000},"page":"1372","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Proton Microbeam Targeted Irradiation of the Gonad Primordium Region Induces Developmental Alterations Associated with Heat Shock Responses and Cuticle Defense in Caenorhabditis elegans"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Pierre","family":"Beaudier","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University Bordeaux, CNRS, LP2I, UMR 5797, 33170 Gradignan, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3401-8351","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guillaume","family":"Dev\u00e8s","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Bordeaux, CNRS, LP2I, UMR 5797, 33170 Gradignan, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laurent","family":"Plawinski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Bordeaux, CNRS, LP2I, UMR 5797, 33170 Gradignan, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Denis","family":"Dupuy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Bordeaux, INSERM, U1212, 33607 Pessac, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1565-3296","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Philippe","family":"Barberet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Bordeaux, CNRS, LP2I, UMR 5797, 33170 Gradignan, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6180-8925","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Herv\u00e9","family":"Seznec","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Bordeaux, CNRS, LP2I, UMR 5797, 33170 Gradignan, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1101\/SQB.1983.048.01.049","article-title":"Neuronal Cell Lineages in the Nematode Caenorhabditis elegans","volume":"48","author":"Sulston","year":"1983","journal-title":"Cold Spring Harb. 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