{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,2]],"date-time":"2026-11-02T15:33:06Z","timestamp":1793633586354,"version":"4.5.1"},"reference-count":90,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,8]],"date-time":"2024-05-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1715126400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"The potential of the essential oils from aromatic plants for medical use and food preservation","award":["APVV-20-0058"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["APVV-20-0058"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biology"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The rising demand for safe plant compounds and herbal products that contribute positively to human health is in line with current market trends. Plants belonging to the Satureja genus, particularly the aromatic medicinal S. montana L. from the Lamiaceae family, are well suited to these trends as they serve as pharmaceutical raw materials. This research aimed to assess the influence of sowing date and fertilization doses, as well as their interaction, on the fresh weight, essential oil content, and composition of S. montana. Experimental cultivation involved varying nitrogen and phosphorus levels. The second cut had the highest fresh weight and oil production compared to the first cut. The highest total plant biomass was achieved with autumn sowing and fertilization at 55 kg N\/ha and 37 kg P\/ha, whereas Spring sowing exhibited higher essential oil production, with the maximum oil % with 74 kg P\/ha and oil yield after applying 55 kg N\/ha and 74 kg P\/ha. The GC-MS analysis revealed that carvacrol was the predominant compound, with it being recommended to grow S. montana in Spring at doses of 55 kg N\/ha and 74 kg P\/ha for the superior oil yield. Additionally, S. montana essential oil demonstrated notable biological and antimicrobial activity, positioning it as a potential alternative to chemical food preservatives.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/biology13050328","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,8]],"date-time":"2024-05-08T12:27:11Z","timestamp":1715171231000},"page":"328","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Phytochemical Characterization and Biological Activities of Essential Oil from Satureja montana L., a Medicinal Plant Grown under the Influence of Fertilization and Planting Dates"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9087-6775","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hussein A. H.","family":"Said-Al Ahl","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Institute, National Research Centre (NRC), 33 El-Behouth St. Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4460-0222","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Miroslava","family":"Ka\u010d\u00e1niova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Horticulture, Faculty of Horticulture and Landscape Engineering, Slovak University of Agriculture, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 94976 Nitra, Slovakia"},{"name":"School of Medical & Health Sciences, University of Economics and Human Sciences in Warsaw, Okopowa 59, 01-043 Warszawa, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abeer A.","family":"Mahmoud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Botany (Plant Physiology Section), Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7443-072X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wafaa M.","family":"Hikal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4419-0590","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nat\u00e1lia","family":"\u010cmikov\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Horticulture, Faculty of Horticulture and Landscape Engineering, Slovak University of Agriculture, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 94976 Nitra, Slovakia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1354-5627","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ma\u0142gorzata","family":"Szczepanek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Agronomy, Bydgoszcz University of Science and Technology, 85-796 Bydgoszcz, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4669-7638","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Karolina","family":"B\u0142aszczyk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Agronomy, Bydgoszcz University of Science and Technology, 85-796 Bydgoszcz, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Siham M.","family":"Al-Balawi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6482-527X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alessandro","family":"Bianchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8839-7377","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Slim","family":"Smaoui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnology and Engineering Enzymes (LMBEE), Center of Biotechnology of Sfax (CBS), University of Sfax-Tunisia, Sfax 3029, Tunisia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6841-6561","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kirill G.","family":"Tkachenko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Peter the Great Botanical Garden of the V.L. Komarov Botanical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg 197376, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Maccelli, A., Vitanza, L., Imbriano, A., Fraschetti, C., Filippi, A., Goldoni, P., Maurizi, L., Ammendolia, M.G., Crestoni, M.E., and Fornarini, S. (2020). Satureja montana L. essential oils: Chemical profiles\/phytochemical screening, antimicrobial activity and O\/W nano-emulsion formulations. Pharmaceutics, 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics12010007"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bastami, A., Amirnia, R., Sayyed, R.Z., and El Enshasy, H.A. (2021). The effect of mycorrhizal fungi and organic fertilizers on quantitative and qualitative traits of two important Satureja species. 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