{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,17]],"date-time":"2025-12-17T18:17:19Z","timestamp":1765995439963,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,30]],"date-time":"2024-09-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1727654400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"government of Malaysia","award":["P23085100210002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P23085100210002"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biology"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Moringa oleifera L. is a valuable multipurpose tree species widely planted for centuries due to its high medicinal value and antifungal, antiviral, antidepressant, and anti-inflammatory properties in the food industry. However, its cultivation is hindered by production constraints such as the unavailability of planting material and the inadequate number of high-yielding clones. Thus, a study was initiated to select high-yielding clones in terms of growth and chemical content for the mass propagation of superior moringa trees. Screening on high-yielding clones with high astragalin content was conducted through the high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis of moringa leaf extract. Selected genotypes were evaluated for their anti-inflammatory potential through in vitro bioactivity assays of leaf methanol extract. The effects of the rooting hormone, rooting substrates, and size of the cutting on the rooting response of branch cuttings of moringa were investigated. Results found that samples collected from different ecological zones of Peninsular Malaysia show significant variation in terms of astragalin content. The extracts were observed to show considerable variation in biological activity against the pro-inflammatory enzymes. The size of the cuttings had significant effects on the rooting of the cuttings as longer cuttings with bigger diameters rooted better than shorter cuttings with smaller diameters. Several genotypes of M. oleifera with superior phenotypic characteristics and bioactive compounds have been identified. Factors affecting the rooting efficiency and optimal conditions of rooting are suggested, which provides valuable information for the propagation of the superior planting material of moringa. This effort will ensure the sustainable production and supply of good quality raw materials for the production of quality end-products for the food and pharmaceutical industry.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/biology13100785","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,30]],"date-time":"2024-09-30T07:19:37Z","timestamp":1727680777000},"page":"785","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Crop Improvement of Moringa oleifera L. through Genotype Screening for the Development of Clonal Propagation Techniques of High-Yielding Clones in Malaysia"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-0687-083X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sures Kumar","family":"Muniandi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Forestry Biotechnology Division, Forest Research Institute Malaysia, Kepong 52109, Selangor, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Farah Fazwa Md","family":"Ariff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Forestry Biotechnology Division, Forest Research Institute Malaysia, Kepong 52109, Selangor, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6876-1741","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mazura Md","family":"Pisar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Natural Product Division, Forest Research Institute Malaysia, Kepong 52109, Selangor, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Samsuri Toh","family":"Harun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Forestry Biotechnology Division, Forest Research Institute Malaysia, Kepong 52109, Selangor, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohd Zaki","family":"Abdullah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Forestry Biotechnology Division, Forest Research Institute Malaysia, Kepong 52109, Selangor, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2191-9019","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fauziah","family":"Abdullah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Natural Product Division, Forest Research Institute Malaysia, Kepong 52109, Selangor, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Siti Nur Aisyah Mohd","family":"Hashim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Natural Product Division, Forest Research Institute Malaysia, Kepong 52109, Selangor, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7175-1085","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Syafiqah Nabilah Samsul","family":"Bahari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Forestry Biotechnology Division, Forest Research Institute Malaysia, Kepong 52109, Selangor, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-1509-5238","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Norhayati","family":"Saffie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Forestry Biotechnology Division, Forest Research Institute Malaysia, Kepong 52109, Selangor, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1246752","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1246752","article-title":"The biodiversity of species and their rates of extinction, distribution, and protection","volume":"344","author":"Pimm","year":"2014","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"WHO (2021, June 18). 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