{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,9]],"date-time":"2026-11-09T22:44:17Z","timestamp":1794264257071,"version":"4.9.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,14]],"date-time":"2024-10-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1728864000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"European Union (EU Project IPM-4-CITRUS)\u2014Horizon 2020\u2014","award":["734921"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["734921"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biology"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Integrated pest management based on the use of biopesticides is largely applied. Experimental bioassays are critical to assess biopesticide biosafety at the ecotoxicological level. In this study, we investigated the effects of the new Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki (Btk)-formulated-based biopesticides BLB1 and Lip, efficiently tested in field assays (IPM-4-CITRUS EC project no. 734921) on two aquatic non-target organisms, precisely the water flea Daphnia magna and the bioluminescent bacteria Aliivibrio fischeri. Acute toxicity studies, carried out in a comparative manner with Delfin\u00ae as the reference bioproduct and the lactose-based Blank formulation, show that no significant toxicity was observed up to 1 g\/L. Our results indicated that BLB1- and Lip-formulated new bioproducts are far less toxic than the Delfin\u00ae reference bioproduct.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/biology13100824","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,16]],"date-time":"2024-10-16T10:11:04Z","timestamp":1729073464000},"page":"824","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Effects of New Btk-Based Formulations BLB1 and Lip on Aquatic Non-Target Organisms"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7606-1895","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sayda","family":"Dhaouadi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratoire des Biomol\u00e9cules, Venins et Applications Th\u00e9ranostiques, Equipe NanoBioMedika, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Universit\u00e9 Tunis-El Manar, 13 Place Pasteur, BP74, Belv\u00e9d\u00e8re, Tunis 1002, Tunisia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3246-7890","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rim El","family":"Jeni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratoire des Biomol\u00e9cules, Venins et Applications Th\u00e9ranostiques, Equipe NanoBioMedika, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Universit\u00e9 Tunis-El Manar, 13 Place Pasteur, BP74, Belv\u00e9d\u00e8re, Tunis 1002, Tunisia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hazar","family":"Kraiem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratoire des Biomol\u00e9cules, Venins et Applications Th\u00e9ranostiques, Equipe NanoBioMedika, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Universit\u00e9 Tunis-El Manar, 13 Place Pasteur, BP74, Belv\u00e9d\u00e8re, Tunis 1002, Tunisia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1024-9964","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gul","family":"Ayyildiz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biyans Biyolojik \u00dcR\u00dcNLER AR-GE DAN. SAN. T\u0130C.LTD.\u015eT\u0130., Mustafa Kemal Mah. Dumlupinar BLV.NO: 280: G \u0130\u00c7 KAPI NO: 1260, \u00c7ankaya 06530, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5463-8825","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cansu","family":"Filik-Iscen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mathematics and Science Education, Faculty of Education, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir 26040, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zeynep","family":"Yurtkuran-Ceterez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biyans Biyolojik \u00dcR\u00dcNLER AR-GE DAN. SAN. T\u0130C.LTD.\u015eT\u0130., Mustafa Kemal Mah. Dumlupinar BLV.NO: 280: G \u0130\u00c7 KAPI NO: 1260, \u00c7ankaya 06530, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Balkiss","family":"Bouhaouala-Zahar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratoire des Biomol\u00e9cules, Venins et Applications Th\u00e9ranostiques, Equipe NanoBioMedika, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Universit\u00e9 Tunis-El Manar, 13 Place Pasteur, BP74, Belv\u00e9d\u00e8re, Tunis 1002, Tunisia"},{"name":"Facult\u00e9 de M\u00e9decine de Tunis, Universit\u00e9 Tunis-El Manar, 13 Place Pasteur, BP74, Belv\u00e9d\u00e8re, Tunis 1002, Tunisia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"8","article-title":"Effect of pesticides on soil and aquatic environmental microorganisms\u2014A short review","volume":"18","author":"Lew","year":"2009","journal-title":"Fresenius Environ. 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