{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T01:20:55Z","timestamp":1788916855972,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":82,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,14]],"date-time":"2025-01-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1736812800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002322","name":"Coordination of Superior-Level Personnel Improvement","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["88887.596950\/2021-00"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["88887.596950\/2021-00"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002322","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002322","name":"Coordination of Superior-Level Personnel Improvement","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2021\/05445-7"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021\/05445-7"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002322","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002322","name":"Coordination of Superior-Level Personnel Improvement","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["301663-2019-0"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["301663-2019-0"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002322","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o de Amparo \u00e0 Pesquisa do Estado de S\u00e3o Paulo","award":["88887.596950\/2021-00"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["88887.596950\/2021-00"]}]},{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o de Amparo \u00e0 Pesquisa do Estado de S\u00e3o Paulo","award":["2021\/05445-7"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021\/05445-7"]}]},{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o de Amparo \u00e0 Pesquisa do Estado de S\u00e3o Paulo","award":["301663-2019-0"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["301663-2019-0"]}]},{"name":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient\u00edfico e Tecnol\u00f3gico","award":["88887.596950\/2021-00"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["88887.596950\/2021-00"]}]},{"name":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient\u00edfico e Tecnol\u00f3gico","award":["2021\/05445-7"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021\/05445-7"]}]},{"name":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient\u00edfico e Tecnol\u00f3gico","award":["301663-2019-0"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["301663-2019-0"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biology"],"abstract":"<jats:p>South American camelids inhabit high-altitude environments characterized by hypoxia, influencing embryonic, fetal, and placental development. This study examined the term placenta morphology of alpacas (Vicugna pacos, N = 12) and the immunoexpression of antioxidant selenoproteins (SP). We hypothesize that the placenta of alpacas, adapted to high altitudes, has characteristics with other species also adapted to altitude. Placentas were paraffin-embedded, sectioned (3\u20135 \u00b5m), stained with hematoxylin\u2013eosin (H&amp;E), Masson\u2019s trichrome, and picrosirius red, and analyzed via light and polarized light microscopy. The chorion showed simple cuboidal epithelium with binucleated cells, a subepithelial mesenchyme rich in blood capillaries (area: 124.90 \u00b1 9.82 \u00b5m2), and type III collagen fibers. The chorionic villi measured 2740.22 \u00b1 132.75 \u00b5m. The allantois contained a simple columnar epithelium and mesenchyme with type I collagen fibers. Immunohistochemistry localized SP-N, SP-P, Dio-3, and GPx-3 in the blood capillaries and mesenchymal tissue of the chorion but not in the allantois. These findings were compared to human and sheep placentas from different altitudes due to a lack of camelid data at low levels. The morphological features resembled adaptations to hypoxia observed in other species. This preliminary study suggests a potential role for selenoproteins in hypoxia adaptation, providing a basis for future functional studies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/biology14010064","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,14]],"date-time":"2025-01-14T03:29:43Z","timestamp":1736825383000},"page":"64","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Morphology and Immunoexpression of Selenoproteins in Term Placenta of Alpaca (Vicugna pacos) from the Peruvian Andes"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8919-1688","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Miluska Beatriz","family":"Navarrete Zamora","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima 15001, Peru"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9657-3978","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francisco","family":"Acu\u00f1a","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata 1900, Buenos Aires, Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9736-8113","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M\u00f4nica","family":"Duarte da Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo 05508-270, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7848-8558","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thamires","family":"Santos-Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo 05508-270, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-8471-8830","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matheus Henrique Herminio","family":"Garcia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Anatomy, University of Marilia, Mar\u00edlia 17525-902, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5240-6959","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rodrigo da Silva Nunes","family":"Barreto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo 05508-270, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alberto","family":"Sato Sato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima 15001, Peru"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9459-138X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Claudio Gustavo","family":"Barbeito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata 1900, Buenos Aires, Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4979-115X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria Angelica","family":"Miglino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Anatomy, University of Marilia, Mar\u00edlia 17525-902, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Robertson, C.E., and Wilsterman, K. 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