{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T23:21:38Z","timestamp":1782861698473,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,5]],"date-time":"2025-02-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1738713600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient\u00edfico e Tecnol\u00f3gico (CNPq)","award":["UIDB\/04539\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/04539\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient\u00edfico e Tecnol\u00f3gico (CNPq)","award":["UIDBP\/04539\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDBP\/04539\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Coordena\u00e7\u00e3o de Aperfei\u00e7oamento Pessoal de N\u00edvel Superior (CAPES)","award":["UIDB\/04539\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/04539\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Coordena\u00e7\u00e3o de Aperfei\u00e7oamento Pessoal de N\u00edvel Superior (CAPES)","award":["UIDBP\/04539\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDBP\/04539\/2020"]}]},{"name":"\u201cIt\u2019s good to do good\u201d\u2014JBS","award":["UIDB\/04539\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/04539\/2020"]}]},{"name":"\u201cIt\u2019s good to do good\u201d\u2014JBS","award":["UIDBP\/04539\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDBP\/04539\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Portuguese Science and Technology Foundation (FCT)","award":["UIDB\/04539\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/04539\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Portuguese Science and Technology Foundation (FCT)","award":["UIDBP\/04539\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDBP\/04539\/2020"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biology"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) are linked to the development of oxidative stress, insulin resistance, and impaired insulin secretion. Adverse early life conditions, such as exposure to AGEs and their precursors, may lead offspring to the development of metabolic dysfunction in adulthood. Nonetheless, the early impact in offspring metabolism by maternal intake of AGEs precursors during lactation is not known. Objective: Investigate early life metabolism of the offspring whose breastfeeding dams were orally exposed to AGEs precursor. Methods: Breastfeeding Wistar rats were daily treated with the glycation precursor methylglyoxal (MG\u201460 mg\/kg of bodyweight) by gavage or saline 0.9% control (CO) until weaning. In vivo glycemic homeostasis in male offspring was assessed, followed by euthanasia for tissue sample collection for ex vivo assessments. Results: At weaning, MG offspring presented decreased bodyweight (p &lt; 0.05), perigonadal (p &lt; 0.01) and retroperitoneal (p &lt; 0.01) fat. MG offspring presented decreased glucose tolerance (p &lt; 0.05), lower basal insulinemia (p &lt; 0.001), reduced high-glucose static insulin secretion (p &lt; 0.05), and reduced pancreatic islet area (p &lt; 0.05). Accordingly, MG offspring pancreas showed lower GSH and SOD activity (p &lt; 0.05; p &lt; 0.001, respectively) and increased MPO (p &lt; 0.05) activity. Conclusions: The consumption of AGE precursors by breastfeeding dams impaired offspring pancreatic function and glycemic homeostasis early in life.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/biology14020160","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,5]],"date-time":"2025-02-05T05:50:36Z","timestamp":1738734636000},"page":"160","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Maternal AGE Precursors During Lactation Alters Offspring Glycemic Homeostasis Early in Life"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0825-426X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lucas P. J.","family":"Saavedra","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology, Genetics, and Cellular Biology, State University of Maring\u00e1, Maring\u00e1 87020-900, PR, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5481-047X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fl\u00e1vio A.","family":"Francisco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology, Genetics, and Cellular Biology, State University of Maring\u00e1, Maring\u00e1 87020-900, PR, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2685-420X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Scarlett R.","family":"Raposo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology, Genetics, and Cellular Biology, State University of Maring\u00e1, Maring\u00e1 87020-900, PR, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0410-2528","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Keilah V. N.","family":"Cavalcante","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Goi\u00e1s, Goi\u00e2nia 74690-900, GO, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7228-7990","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nilza C.","family":"Buttow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology, Genetics, and Cellular Biology, State University of Maring\u00e1, Maring\u00e1 87020-900, PR, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2534-143X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stephanie C.","family":"Borges","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology, Genetics, and Cellular Biology, State University of Maring\u00e1, Maring\u00e1 87020-900, PR, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9012-3287","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rodrigo M.","family":"Gomes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Goi\u00e1s, Goi\u00e2nia 74690-900, GO, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8032-3771","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hericles M.","family":"Campos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Goi\u00e1s, Goi\u00e2nia 74690-900, GO, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3180-5437","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gessica D.","family":"Gon\u00e7alves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology, Genetics, and Cellular Biology, State University of Maring\u00e1, Maring\u00e1 87020-900, PR, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Silvano","family":"Piovan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology, Genetics, and Cellular Biology, State University of Maring\u00e1, Maring\u00e1 87020-900, PR, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paulo C.","family":"Ghedini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Goi\u00e1s, Goi\u00e2nia 74690-900, GO, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6031-8219","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kelly V.","family":"Prates","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology, Genetics, and Cellular Biology, State University of Maring\u00e1, Maring\u00e1 87020-900, PR, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1014-1224","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ananda","family":"Malta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology, Genetics, and Cellular Biology, State University of Maring\u00e1, Maring\u00e1 87020-900, PR, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3422-290X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paulo","family":"Matafome","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Physiology and Institute of Clinical and Biomedical Research, Faculty of Medicine and Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3000-447 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Coimbra Health School, ESTeSC, Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico de Coimbra, 3000-447 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra, 3000-447 Coimbra, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paulo C. F.","family":"Mathias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology, Genetics, and Cellular Biology, State University of Maring\u00e1, Maring\u00e1 87020-900, PR, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1596-9821","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Douglas L.","family":"Almeida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology, Genetics, and Cellular Biology, State University of Maring\u00e1, Maring\u00e1 87020-900, PR, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107843","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2019.107843","article-title":"Global and regional diabetes prevalence estimates for 2019 and projections for 2030 and 2045: Results from the International Diabetes Federation Diabetes Atlas, 9(th) edition","volume":"157","author":"Saeedi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Diabetes Res. 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