{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T21:25:26Z","timestamp":1791321926483,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,13]],"date-time":"2025-02-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1739404800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82060747"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82060747"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["202405AF140044"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["202405AF140044"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Yunnan Expert Workstation","award":["82060747"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82060747"]}]},{"name":"Yunnan Expert Workstation","award":["202405AF140044"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["202405AF140044"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biology"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Neurocytotoxicity elicited by N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDAR) is a substantial contributor to neurodegenerative diseases. Our current study expands on the previous findings in which Periplaneta americana (L.) extract (PAS840) was shown to protect PC12 cells from hydrogen peroxide-induced injury. In this investigation, we performed LC-MS\/MS and peptidomics analyses on the constituents of PAS840. Considering Alzheimer\u2019s disease (AD) as the primary focus, we utilized network pharmacology and molecular-docking techniques to predict PAS840\u2019s influence on AD targets. We established a glutamate (Glu)-induced PC12 cell injury model to conduct a comprehensive examination of PAS840\u2019s effects on pivotal cellular parameters, including intracellular Ca2+ levels, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, malondialdehyde (MDA) content, reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, cell apoptosis rate, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) levels, and the expression of key proteins such as NMDAR1, cytochrome c (Cytc), B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax), caspase-3, tumor necrosis factor-\u03b1 (TNF-\u03b1), and interleukin-6 (IL-6). The results suggest that PAS840 manifests multi-target actions, robustly attenuating NMDAR activity. It efficaciously suppresses excessive NMDAR1 activation, restricts Ca2+ influx, alleviates oxidative stress, and mitigates inflammation, thereby ameliorating neuronal cell damage. Consequently, it establishes a solid scientific foundation for further exploration of PAS840\u2019s potential in addressing neurological diseases.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/biology14020193","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,13]],"date-time":"2025-02-13T04:03:35Z","timestamp":1739419415000},"page":"193","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Periplaneta americana Extract Protects Glutamate-Induced Nerve Cell Damage by Inhibiting N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor Activation"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Yongfang","family":"Zhou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Entomological Biopharmaceutical R&D, College of Pharmacy, Dali University, Dali 671000, China"},{"name":"National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Entomoceutics, Dali 671000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xin","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Entomological Biopharmaceutical R&D, College of Pharmacy, Dali University, Dali 671000, China"},{"name":"National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Entomoceutics, Dali 671000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Canhui","family":"Hong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Entomological Biopharmaceutical R&D, College of Pharmacy, Dali University, Dali 671000, China"},{"name":"National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Entomoceutics, Dali 671000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tangfei","family":"Guan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Entomological Biopharmaceutical R&D, College of Pharmacy, Dali University, Dali 671000, China"},{"name":"National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Entomoceutics, Dali 671000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peiyun","family":"Xiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Entomological Biopharmaceutical R&D, College of Pharmacy, Dali University, Dali 671000, China"},{"name":"National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Entomoceutics, Dali 671000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yongshou","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Entomological Biopharmaceutical R&D, College of Pharmacy, Dali University, Dali 671000, China"},{"name":"National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Entomoceutics, Dali 671000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chenggui","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Entomological Biopharmaceutical R&D, College of Pharmacy, Dali University, Dali 671000, China"},{"name":"National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Entomoceutics, Dali 671000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-8260-868X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhengchun","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Entomological Biopharmaceutical R&D, College of Pharmacy, Dali University, Dali 671000, China"},{"name":"National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Entomoceutics, Dali 671000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1237","DOI":"10.1007\/s11357-020-00231-y","article-title":"Brain angiotensin II and angiotensin IV receptors as potential Alzheimer\u2019s disease therapeutic targets","volume":"5","author":"Royea","year":"2020","journal-title":"Geroscience"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1002\/hlca.19350180164","article-title":"\u00dcber eine eigenartige Eiskrystallbildung","volume":"18","author":"Bally","year":"2004","journal-title":"Helv. 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