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Collagen, the most abundant protein in the extracellular matrix (ECM), forms a dense physical barrier that regulates anti-tumor immunity in the TME. It is a significant regulator of the signaling pathways of cancer cells, which are responsible for migration, proliferation, and metabolism. ECM proteins, particularly remodeling enzymes and collagens, can be modified to increase stiffness and alter the mechanical properties of the stroma. This, in turn, increases the invasive potential of tumor cells and resistance to immunotherapy. Given the dynamic nature of collagen, novel therapeutic strategies have emerged that target both collagen biosynthesis and degradation, processes that are essential for addressing ECM stiffening. This review delineates the upregulation of the expression and deposition of collagen, as well as the biological functions, assembly, and reorganization that contribute to the dissemination of this aggressive malignancy. Furthermore, the review emphasizes the importance of creating 3D in vitro models that incorporate innovative biomaterials that avoid the difficulties of traditional 2D culture in accurately simulating real-world conditions that effectively replicate the distinctive collagen microenvironment. Ultimately, it investigates the use of decellularized ECM-derived biomaterials as tumor models that are designed to precisely replicate the mechanisms associated with the progression of stomach cancer.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/biology14081067","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,18]],"date-time":"2025-08-18T07:53:12Z","timestamp":1755503592000},"page":"1067","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Mimicking Gastric Cancer Collagen Reorganization with Decellularized ECM-Based Scaffolds"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5899-2386","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"N\u00e9stor","family":"Corro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Nutritional Biochemistry Laboratory, School of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Rehabilitation and Quality of Life Sciences, Universidad San Sebasti\u00e1n, Valdivia 5091000, Chile"},{"name":"Departamento de Ciencias Biol\u00f3gicas y Qu\u00edmicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad San Sebasti\u00e1n, Sede Valdivia, Valdivia 5091000, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8413-8028","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sebasti\u00e1n","family":"Alarc\u00f3n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cancer Biology Laboratory, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad San Sebasti\u00e1n, Sede Concepci\u00f3n, Campus Tres Pascualas, Concepci\u00f3n 4080871, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"\u00c1ngel","family":"Astroza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Ciencias Biol\u00f3gicas y Qu\u00edmicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad San Sebasti\u00e1n, Sede Valdivia, Valdivia 5091000, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6345-7054","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Roxana","family":"Gonz\u00e1lez-Stegmaier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Translational Medicine Laboratory, Instituto Oncol\u00f3gico Fundaci\u00f3n Arturo L\u00f3pez P\u00e9rez, Santiago 8320000, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1311-9492","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carolina","family":"A\u00f1azco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nutritional Biochemistry Laboratory, School of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Rehabilitation and Quality of Life Sciences, Universidad San Sebasti\u00e1n, Valdivia 5091000, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"209","article-title":"Global Cancer Statistics 2020: GLOBOCAN Estimates of Incidence and Mortality Worldwide for 36 Cancers in 185 Countries","volume":"71","author":"Sung","year":"2021","journal-title":"CA Cancer J. 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