{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T00:38:13Z","timestamp":1788482293454,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":71,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,5]],"date-time":"2025-09-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1757030400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009020","name":"University of South China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["221RGC012"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["221RGC012"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009020","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009020","name":"University of South China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2024JJ5326"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024JJ5326"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009020","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009020","name":"University of South China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2024RC9011"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024RC9011"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009020","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004735","name":"Hunan Provincial Natural Science Fund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["221RGC012"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["221RGC012"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004735","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004735","name":"Hunan Provincial Natural Science Fund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2024JJ5326"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024JJ5326"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004735","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004735","name":"Hunan Provincial Natural Science Fund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2024RC9011"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024RC9011"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004735","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"The Science and Technology Innovation Program of Hunan Province","award":["221RGC012"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["221RGC012"]}]},{"name":"The Science and Technology Innovation Program of Hunan Province","award":["2024JJ5326"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024JJ5326"]}]},{"name":"The Science and Technology Innovation Program of Hunan Province","award":["2024RC9011"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024RC9011"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biology"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Acinetobacter baumannii is an opportunistic pathogen notable for multidrug resistance and environmental persistence. We characterized a clinical isolate, HKAB-1, which exhibits pronounced virulence-associated traits despite being highly susceptible to all tested antibiotics. HKAB-1 exhibited superior growth in MH2B, serum and desiccating conditions, robust biofilm formation, and active motility. Whole-genome sequencing identified two heme utilization clusters, multiple siderophore biosynthesis pathways, and other virulence-associated genes. Gene expression analysis revealed significant upregulation of heme utilization and siderophore biosynthetic gene clusters under serum exposure, indicating activation of iron uptake pathways under host-like conditions. Biofilm-associated genes, including bap, PNAG biosynthetic genes, and type IV pili components, were notably upregulated in biofilm-forming cells, supporting their role in driving the enhanced biofilm phenotype. Conversely, adeB, encoding a major RND efflux pump, was markedly downregulated, potentially explaining its drug-susceptible phenotype. Comparative genomic analysis highlighted differences in genes related to nutrient transport, metabolic pathways, and membrane biogenesis that may underpin its enhanced growth. These findings point to a potential trade-off between antibiotic resistance and virulence, underscoring the importance of monitoring antibiotic-susceptible yet highly virulent A. baumannii isolates as potential reservoirs for resistance evolution. Further investigation is warranted to elucidate the mechanisms underlying this phenotypic balance.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/biology14091201","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,5]],"date-time":"2025-09-05T14:53:01Z","timestamp":1757083981000},"page":"1201","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Genomic and Phenotypic Characterization of a Drug-Susceptible Acinetobacter baumannii Reveals Increased Virulence-Linked Traits and Stress Tolerance"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2402-7729","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wuen Ee","family":"Foong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China"},{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Special Pathogens Prevention and Control, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China"},{"name":"National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Birth Defect Research and Prevention, Hunan Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Changsha 410008, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenjun","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xinxin","family":"Xiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3480-7115","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jiabin","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Medical Microbiology, Virology and Hygiene, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistra\u00dfe 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7894-1957","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Heng-Keat","family":"Tam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China"},{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Special Pathogens Prevention and Control, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China"},{"name":"National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Birth Defect Research and Prevention, Hunan Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Changsha 410008, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1210","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkl509","article-title":"Porins, efflux pumps and multidrug resistance in Acinetobacter baumannii","volume":"59","author":"Vila","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. 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